Accuracy and precision of multiple body composition methods and associations with muscle strength in athletes of varying hydration: The Da Kine Study.

Autor: Cataldi D; Department of Epidemiology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA., Bennett JP; Department of Epidemiology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA., Wong MC; Department of Epidemiology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA., Quon BK; Department of Epidemiology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA., Liu YE; Department of Epidemiology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA., Kelly NN; Department of Epidemiology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA., Kelly T; Hologic Inc, 250 Campus Dr, Marlborough, MA 01752, USA., Schoeller DA; Isotope Ratio Core Biotech Center and Nutritional Sciences, Henry Mall Madison, WI 53706, USA., Heymsfield SB; Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Road, Baton Rouge, LA, 7080, USA., Shepherd JA; Department of Epidemiology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA. Electronic address: johnshep@hawaii.edu.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) [Clin Nutr] 2024 Jan; Vol. 43 (1), pp. 284-294. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Dec 02.
DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2023.11.040
Abstrakt: Background: Athletes vary in hydration status due to ongoing training regimes, diet demands, and extreme exertion. With water being one of the largest body composition compartments, its variation can cause misinterpretation of body composition assessments meant to monitor strength and training progress. In this study, we asked what accessible body composition approach could best quantify body composition in athletes with a variety of hydration levels.
Methods: The Da Kine Study recruited collegiate and intramural athletes to undergo a variety of body composition assessments including air-displacement plethysmography (ADP), deuterium-oxide dilution (D 2 O), dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), underwater-weighing (UWW), 3D-optical (3DO) imaging, and bioelectrical impedance (BIA). Each of these methods generated 2- or 3-compartment body composition estimates of fat mass (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM) and was compared to equivalent measures of the criterion 6-compartment model (6CM) that accounts for variance in hydration. Body composition by each method was used to predict abdominal and thigh strength, assessed by isokinetic/isometric dynamometry.
Results: In total, 70 (35 female) athletes with a mean age of 21.8 ± 4.2 years were recruited. Percent hydration (Body Water 6CM /FFM 6CM ) had substantial variation in both males (63-73 %) and females (58-78 %). ADP and DXA FM and FF M had moderate to substantial agreement with the 6C model (Lin's Concordance Coefficient [CCC] = 0.90-0.95) whereas the other measures had lesser agreement (CCC <0.90) with one exception of 3DO FFM in females (CCC = 0.91). All measures of FFM produced excellent precision with %CV < 1.0 %. However, FM measures in general had worse precision (% CV < 2.0 %). Increasing quartiles (significant p < 0.001 trend) of 6CM FFM resulted in increasing strength measures in males and females. Moreover, the stronger the agreement between the alternative methods to the 6CM, the more robust their correlation with strength, irrespective of hydration status.
Conclusion: The criterion 6CM showed the best association to strength regardless of the hydration status of the athletes for both males and females. Simpler methods showed high precision for both FM and FFM and those with the strongest agreement to the 6CM had the highest strength associations.
Summary Box: This study compared various body composition analysis methods in 70 athletes with varying states of hydration to the criterion 6-compartment model and assessed their relationship to muscle strength. The results showed that accurate and precise estimates of body composition can be determined in athletes, and a more accurate body composition measurement produces better strength estimates. The best laboratory-based techniques were air displacement plethysmography and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, while the commercial methods had moderate-poor agreement. Prioritizing accurate body composition assessment ensures better strength estimates in athletes.
Competing Interests: Conflict of interest JS received an investigator-initiated grant from Hologic, Inc. to fund the larger study and other grants on body composition from Hologic and GE Healthcare. SH is on the Medical Advisory Board for Tanita Corporation. TK is a current employee at Hologic. The remaining authors report no conflicts of interest.
(Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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