Swimming training and caffeine supplementation protects against metabolic syndrome-induced nuclear factor-κB activation and cognitive deficits in rats.

Autor: Souza-Pereira A; Biochemistry Graduate Program, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil., Hernandez MDS; Biochemistry Graduate Program, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil., Guerra JMDS; Biochemistry Graduate Program, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil., Nieswald BH; Biochemistry Graduate Program, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil., Bianchini MC; Biochemistry Graduate Program, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil., Godinho DB; Department of Methods and Sportive Techniques, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil., Nascimento AS; Department of Methods and Sportive Techniques, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil., Puntel RL; Biochemistry Graduate Program, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil., Royes LFF; Department of Methods and Sportive Techniques, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil., Rambo LM; Biochemistry Graduate Program, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil. Electronic address: leonardorambo@unipampa.edu.br.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Nutrition research (New York, N.Y.) [Nutr Res] 2024 Feb; Vol. 122, pp. 19-32. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Nov 07.
DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2023.11.002
Abstrakt: Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a disorder that increasingly affects the world population, mainly because of changes in lifestyle and dietary habits. In this regard, both physical exercise and caffeine are low-cost and easily accessible therapies that separately have shown positive effects against metabolic disorders. Therefore, we hypothesized that physical exercise combined with caffeine could have a synergistic effect in the treatment of MS, risk factors, and cognitive deficits. Animals were divided into 8 groups and received fructose (15% w/v) or vehicle for 10 weeks. Swimming training and caffeine (6 mg/kg) started 4 weeks after fructose administration. Trained animals presented decreased body weight and visceral fat mass and increased soleus weight compared with untrained fructose-treated animals. Caffeine supplementation also prevented the gain of visceral fat mass induced by fructose. Furthermore, both treatments reversed fructose-induced decrease in glucose clearance over time and fructose-induced increase in 4-hydroxynonenal and nuclear factor-κB immunoreactivity. Physical training also improved the lipidic profile in fructose-treated animals (high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, and triglycerides), improved short-term, long-term, and localization memory, and reversed the fructose-induced deficit in short-term memory. Physical training also increased nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 immunoreactivity per se. Considering that physical training and caffeine reversed some of the damages induced by fructose it is plausible to consider these treatments as alternative, nonpharmacological, and low-cost therapies to help reduce MS-associated risk factors; however, combined treatments did not show additive effects as hypothesized.
Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest.
(Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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