Tick salivary protein Cystatin: structure, anti-inflammation and molecular mechanism.

Autor: Gao X; Research Center for Parasites and Vectors (RCPV), College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China., Tian Y; Research Center for Parasites and Vectors (RCPV), College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China., Liu ZL; Research Center for Parasites and Vectors (RCPV), College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China., Li D; Research Center for Parasites and Vectors (RCPV), College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China., Liu JJ; Research Center for Parasites and Vectors (RCPV), College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China., Yu GX; Research Center for Parasites and Vectors (RCPV), College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China., Duan DY; Research Center for Parasites and Vectors (RCPV), College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China., Peng T; Research Center for Parasites and Vectors (RCPV), College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China., Cheng TY; Research Center for Parasites and Vectors (RCPV), College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China., Liu L; Research Center for Parasites and Vectors (RCPV), College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China. Electronic address: ll434@hunau.edu.cn.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Ticks and tick-borne diseases [Ticks Tick Borne Dis] 2024 Mar; Vol. 15 (2), pp. 102289. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Dec 08.
DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2023.102289
Abstrakt: Ticks are blood-sucking ectoparasites that secrete immunomodulatory substances in saliva to hosts during engorging. Cystatins, a tick salivary protein and natural inhibitor of Cathepsins, are attracting growing interest globally because of the immunosuppressive activities and the feasibility as an antigen for developing anti-tick vaccines. This review outlines the classification and the structure of tick Cystatins, and focuses on the anti-inflammatory effects and molecular mechanisms. Tick Cystatins can be divided into four families based on structures and cystatin 1 and cystatin 2 are the most abundant. They are injected into hosts during blood feeding and effectively mitigate the host inflammatory response. Mechanically, tick Cystatins exert anti-inflammatory properties through the inhibition of TLR-NF-κb, JAK-STAT and p38 MAPK signaling pathways. Further investigations are crucial to confirm the reduction of inflammation in other cell types like neutrophils and mast cells, and fully elucidate the underlying mechanism (like the structural mechanism) to make Cystatin a potential candidate for the development of novel anti-inflammation agents.
(Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier GmbH.. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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