Pharmacy and neighborhood-level variation in cash price of diabetes medications in the United States.

Autor: Warraich HJ; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America., Siddiqi HK; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States of America., Li DG; GoodRx Inc, Santa Monica, CA, United States of America., van Meijgaard J; GoodRx Inc, Santa Monica, CA, United States of America., Vaduganathan M; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: PloS one [PLoS One] 2023 Dec 07; Vol. 18 (12), pp. e0294164. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Dec 07 (Print Publication: 2023).
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294164
Abstrakt: Background: Diabetes medications place significant financial burden on patients but less is known about factors affecting cost variation.
Objective: To examine pharmacy and neighborhood factors associated with cost variation for diabetes drugs in the US.
Research Design, Subjects and Measures: We used all-payer US pharmacy data from 45,874 chain and independent pharmacies reflecting 7,073,909 deidentified claims. We divided diabetes drugs into insulins, non-insulin generic medications, and brand name medications. Generalized linear models, stratified by pharmacy type, identified pharmacy and neighborhood factors associated with higher or lower cash price-per-unit (PPU) for each set of drugs.
Results: Cash PPU was highest for brand name therapies ($149.4±203.2), followed by insulins ($42.4±25.0), and generic therapies ($1.3±4.4). Pharmacy-level price variation was greater for non-insulin generic therapies than insulins or brand name therapies. Chain pharmacies had both lower prices and lesser variation compared with independent pharmacies.
Conclusions: Cash prices for diabetes medications in the US can vary considerably and that the greatest degree of price variation occurs in non-insulin generic therapies.
Competing Interests: HW is a member of the GoodRx medical advisory board. DL and JvM are employees of GoodRx. MV has received research grant support or served on advisory boards for American Regent, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Bayer AG, Baxter Healthcare, Boehringer Ingelheim, Cytokinetics, Lexicon Pharmaceuticals, Novartis, Pharmacosmos, Relypsa, Roche Diagnostics, and Sanofi, speaker engagements with Novartis and Roche Diagnostics, and participates on clinical trial committees for studies sponsored by Galmed, Novartis, Occlutech, and Impulse Dynamics. This does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.
(Copyright: This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 public domain dedication.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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