Tulathromycin metaphylaxis increases nasopharyngeal isolation of multidrug resistant Mannheimia haemolytica in stocker heifers.

Autor:	Crosby WB; Department of Pathobiology and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, United States., Karisch BB; Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, United States., Hiott LM; Poultry Microbiological Safety and Processing Research Unit, U.S. National Poultry Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Athens, GA, United States., Pinnell LJ; VERO Program, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, Canyon, TX, United States., Pittman A; Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, United States., Frye JG; Poultry Microbiological Safety and Processing Research Unit, U.S. National Poultry Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Athens, GA, United States., Jackson CR; Poultry Microbiological Safety and Processing Research Unit, U.S. National Poultry Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Athens, GA, United States., Loy JD; Nebraska Veterinary Diagnostic Center, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States., Epperson WB; Department of Pathobiology and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, United States., Blanton J Jr; Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States., Capik SF; Tumbleweed Veterinary Services, PLLC, Amarillo, TX, United States., Morley PS; VERO Program, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, Canyon, TX, United States., Woolums AR; Department of Pathobiology and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, United States.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Frontiers in veterinary science [Front Vet Sci] 2023 Nov 20; Vol. 10, pp. 1256997. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Nov 20 (Print Publication: 2023).
DOI:	10.3389/fvets.2023.1256997
Abstrakt:	Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is a leading cause of disease in feedlot and stocker calves with Mannheimia haemolytica ( MH ) as one of the most common etiologies. One of the most effective means of controlling BRD is through metaphylaxis, which involves administering antimicrobials to all animals at high risk of developing BRD. However, increasing prevalence of multidrug resistant (MDR) MH may reduce efficacy of metaphylaxis due to decreased susceptibility to drugs used for metaphylaxis. Primarily, this study aimed to determine the effect of tulathromycin metaphylaxis and subsequent BRD treatment on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in MH isolated from stocker calves. Secondary objectives included evaluating the effect of metaphylaxis and treatment for BRD on animal health and comparing the genetic relationship of MH isolated. Crossbred beef heifers ( n  = 331, mean weight = 232, SD = 17.8 kg) at high risk for BRD were randomly assigned to receive tulathromycin metaphylaxis (META, n  = 167) or not (NO META, n  = 164). Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected for MH isolation, antimicrobial susceptibility testing and whole genome sequencing at arrival and 3 (WK3) and 10 (WK10) weeks later. Mixed-effects logistic regression was used to identify risk factors for isolation of MH and MDR MH (resistant to ≥3 antimicrobial drug classes) at 3 and 10 weeks, BRD morbidity, and crude mortality. Animals in the META group had higher odds of isolation of MDR MH at 3 weeks [OR (95% CI) = 13.08 (5-30.9), p  < 0.0001] and 10 weeks [OR (95% CI) = 5.92 (1.34-26.14), p  = 0.019] after arrival. There was no difference in risk of isolation of any MH (resistant or susceptible) between META and NO META groups at all timepoints. Animals in the NO META group had 3 times higher odds of being treated for BRD [WK3: OR (95% CI) = 3.07 (1.70-5.52), p  = 0.0002; WK10: OR (95% CI) = 2.76 (1.59-4.80), p  = 0.0002]. Antimicrobial resistance genes found within isolates were associated with integrative conjugative element (ICE) genes. Tulathromycin metaphylaxis increased risk of isolation of MDR MH and in this population, the increase in MDR MH appeared to be associated with ICE containing antimicrobial resistance genes for multiple antimicrobial classes. This may have important implications for future efficacy of antimicrobials for control and treatment of BRD. Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The reviewer SH declared a past co-authorship with the authors LP and PM to the handling editor. (Copyright © 2023 Crosby, Karisch, Hiott, Pinnell, Pittman, Frye, Jackson, Loy, Epperson, Blanton, Capik, Morley and Woolums.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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