Vernix caseosa reveals mechanistic clues linking maternal obesity to atopic dermatitis pathogenesis.

Autor: Cabalín C; Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile., Dibarrart M; Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile., Núñez-Rosales JJ; Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile., Faunes M; Department of Neonatology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile., Avaca M; Department of Neonatology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile., Ávalos P; Department of Neonatology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile., Fabres J; Department of Neonatology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile., Álvarez-Figueroa MJ; Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile., Vera-Kellet C; Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile., Silva-Valenzuela S; Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile., Sáez CG; Department of Hematology and Oncology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile., Borzutzky A; Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile. Electronic address: aborzutz@uc.cl.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology [J Allergy Clin Immunol] 2024 Mar; Vol. 153 (3), pp. 860-867.e1. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Dec 02.
DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2023.09.042
Abstrakt: Background: Maternal overweight and obesity have been associated with an increased risk of atopic dermatitis (AD) in the offspring, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Vernix caseosa (VC) is a proteolipid material covering the fetus produced during skin development. However, whether maternal prepregnancy weight excess influences fetal skin development is unknown. Characterizing the VC of newborns from mothers with prepregnancy overweight and obesity might reveal AD-prone alterations during fetal skin development.
Objective: We sought to explore AD biomarkers and staphylococcal loads in VC from the offspring of mothers who were overweight/obese (O/O) before pregnancy versus in those from offspring of normal weight mothers.
Methods: The VC of newborns of 14 O/O and 12 normal weight mothers were collected immediately after birth. Biomarkers were determined by ELISA and staphylococcal species by quantitative PCR.
Results: The VC from the O/O group showed decreased expression of skin barrier proteins (filaggrin and loricrin) and increased levels of proinflammatory biomarkers (IgA, thymic stromal lymphopoietin [TSLP], S100A8, IL-25, and IL-33). No differences in concentrations of antimicrobial peptides and enzymes were detected. The VC from the O/O group had a lower Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus hominis commensal bacterial load, whereas Staphylococcus aureus bacterial load was not significantly different between the 2 groups. Maternal body mass index was negatively correlated with VC filaggrin expression and S epidermidis load and was positively associated with TSLP concentration. One-year follow-up established that the offspring of O/O mothers had a higher incidence of AD that was specifically linked with decreased VC filaggrin expression and lower S epidermidis load.
Conclusions: VC from neonates of mothers with prepregnancy overweight and obesity exhibit skin barrier molecular alterations and staphylococcal dysbiosis that suggest early mechanistic clues to this population's increased risk of AD.
(Copyright © 2023 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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