Shifts in the incidence of shark bites and efficacy of beach-focussed mitigation in Australia.

Autor: Huveneers C; Southern Shark Ecology Group, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia. Electronic address: charlie.huveneers@flinders.edu.au., Blount C; Stantec Australia Pty Ltd., St Leonards, New South Wales 1590, Australia., Bradshaw CJA; Global Ecology | Partuyarta Ngadluku Wardli Kuu, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia., Butcher PA; New South Wales Department of Primary Industries Fisheries, National Marine Science Centre, Coffs Harbour, New South Wales 2450, Australia; Southern Cross University, National Marine Science Centre, Coffs Harbour, New South Wales 2450, Australia., Lincoln Smith MP; Stantec Australia Pty Ltd., St Leonards, New South Wales 1590, Australia; Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales 2109, Australia., Macbeth WG; Stantec Australia Pty Ltd., St Leonards, New South Wales 1590, Australia., McPhee DP; Faculty of Society and Design, Bond University, Gold Coast, Queensland 4229, Australia., Moltschaniwskyj N; New South Wales Department of Primary Industries Fisheries, Port Stephens Fisheries Institute, Nelson Bay, New South Wales 2315, Australia; School of Environmental Science, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales 2308, Australia., Peddemors VM; New South Wales Department of Primary Industries Fisheries, Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Mosman, New South Wales 2088, Australia., Green M; New South Wales Department of Primary Industries Fisheries, Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Mosman, New South Wales 2088, Australia.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Marine pollution bulletin [Mar Pollut Bull] 2024 Jan; Vol. 198, pp. 115855. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Dec 02.
DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115855
Abstrakt: Shark-human interactions are some of the most pervasive human-wildlife conflicts, and their frequencies are increasing globally. New South Wales (Australia) was the first to implement a broad-scale program of shark-bite mitigation in 1937 using shark nets, which expanded in the late 2010s to include non-lethal measures. Using 196 unprovoked shark-human interactions recorded in New South Wales since 1900, we show that bites shifted from being predominantly on swimmers to 79 % on surfers by the 1980s and increased 2-4-fold. We could not detect differences in the interaction rate at netted versus non-netted beaches since the 2000s, partly because of low incidence and high variance. Although shark-human interactions continued to occur at beaches with tagged-shark listening stations, there were no interactions while SMART drumlines and/or drones were deployed. Our effect-size analyses show that a small increase in the difference between mitigated and non-mitigated beaches could indicate reductions in shark-human interactions. Area-based protection alone is insufficient to reduce shark-human interactions, so we propose a new, globally transferable approach to minimise risk of shark bite more effectively.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships that might be considered potential competing interests: Craig Blount, Marcus P. Lincoln, William G Macbeth, Daryl P. McPhee reports financial support was provided by New South Wales Department of Primary Industries. Paul A Butcher, Natalie Moltschaniwskyj, Victor M Peddemors, Marcel Green report a relationship with New South Wales Department of Primary Industries that includes: employment.
(Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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