Trapped atoms in spatially-structured vector light fields.

Autor: Verde M; QUANTUM, Institut für Physik, Universität Mainz, Staudingerweg 7, 55128, Mainz, Germany. mauverde@uni-mainz.de., Schmiegelow CT; Departamento de Física, Pabellón I, Ciudad Universitaria, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, 1428, Buenos Aires, Argentina.; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Física de Buenos Aires (IFIBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina., Poschinger U; QUANTUM, Institut für Physik, Universität Mainz, Staudingerweg 7, 55128, Mainz, Germany., Schmidt-Kaler F; QUANTUM, Institut für Physik, Universität Mainz, Staudingerweg 7, 55128, Mainz, Germany.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Scientific reports [Sci Rep] 2023 Dec 02; Vol. 13 (1), pp. 21283. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Dec 02.
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48589-1
Abstrakt: Spatially-structured laser beams, eventually carrying orbital angular momentum, affect electronic transitions of atoms and their motional states in a complex way. We present a general framework, based on the spherical tensor decomposition of the interaction Hamiltonian, for computing atomic transition matrix elements for light fields of arbitrary spatial mode and polarization structures. We study both the bare electronic matrix elements, corresponding to transitions with no coupling to the atomic center-of-mass motion, as well as the matrix elements describing the coupling to the quantized atomic motion in the resolved side-band regime. We calculate the spatial dependence of electronic and motional matrix elements for tightly focused Hermite-Gaussian, Laguerre-Gaussian and for radially and azimuthally polarized beams. We show that near the diffraction limit, all these beams exhibit longitudinal fields and field gradients, which strongly affect the selection rules and could be used to tailor the light-matter interaction. The presented framework is useful for describing trapped atoms or ions in spatially-structured light fields and therefore for designing new protocols and setups in quantum optics, -sensing and -information processing. We provide open code to reproduce our results or to evaluate interaction matrix elements for different transition types, beam structures and interaction geometries.
(© 2023. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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