Novel disposable and portable 3D-printed electrochemical apparatus for fast and selective screening of 25E-NBOH in forensic samples.

Autor: de Faria LV; Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, 38400-902, Brazil; Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Fluminense Federal University, 24020-141, Niterói, RJ, Brazil. Electronic address: viniciuslucas82@yahoo.com.br., Macedo AA; Department of Chemistry, Federal University of the Jequitinhonha and Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, 39100-000, Brazil., Arantes LC; Forensic Chemistry and Physics Laboratory, Institute of Forensic Science, Civil Police of the Brazilian Federal District, Brasília, DF, 70610-907, Brazil., Matias TA; Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, 38400-902, Brazil; Chemistry Department, Federal University of Espírito Santo - UFES, 29075-910, Vitória, ES, Brazil., Ramos DLO; Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, 38400-902, Brazil., Richter EM; Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, 38400-902, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology in Bioanalytics (INCT-Bio), Campinas, SP, Brazil., Dos Santos WTP; Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of the Jequitinhonha and Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, 39100-000, Brazil., Muñoz RAA; Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, 38400-902, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology in Bioanalytics (INCT-Bio), Campinas, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: munoz@ufu.br.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Talanta [Talanta] 2024 Mar 01; Vol. 269, pp. 125476. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Nov 25.
DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125476
Abstrakt: The advent of new psychoactive substances (NPS) has caused enormous difficulty for legal control since they are rapidly commercialized, and their chemical structures are routinely altered. In this aspect, derivatives phenethylamines, such as 25E-NBOH, have received great attention in the forensic scenario. Hence, we propose portable and cost-effective (U$ 5.00) 3D-printed devices for the electrochemical screening of 25E-NBOH for the first time. The cell and all electrodes were printed using acrylonitrile butadiene styrene filament (insulating material) and conductive filament (graphite embedded in a polylactic acid matrix), respectively, both by the fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing technique. The electrochemical apparatus enables micro-volume analysis (50-2000 μL), especially important for low sample volumes. A mechanistic route for the electrochemical oxidation of 25E-NBOH is proposed based on cyclic voltammetric data, which showed two oxidation processes around +0.75 V and +1.00 V and a redox pair between +0.2 and -0.2 V (vs. graphite ink pseudo-reference). A fast and sensitive square-wave voltammetry method was developed, which exhibited a linear working range from 0.85 to 5.1 μmoL -1 , detection limit of 0.2 μmol L -1 , and good intra-electrode precision (n = 10, RSD <5.3 %). Inter-electrode measurements (n = 3, RSD <9.8 %) also attested that the electrode production process is reproducible. Interference tests in the presence of other drugs frequently found in blotting paper indicated high selectivity of the electrochemical method for screening of 25E-NBOH. Screening analysis of blotting paper confirmed the presence of 25E-NBOH in the seized samples. Moreover, a recovery percentage close to 100 % was found for a spiked saliva sample, suggesting the method's usefulness for quantitative purposes aimed at information on recent drug use.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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