Risk factors predicting hospital-acquired pressure injury in adult patients: An overview of reviews.

Autor: Wang I; Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia; School of Nursing and Midwifery, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia. Electronic address: i.wang@griffith.edu.au., Walker RM; Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia; The Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia. Electronic address: https://twitter.com/rachelmwalker., Gillespie BM; Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia; Gold Coast University Hospital, Gold Coast, Australia. Electronic address: https://twitter.com/bgillespie6., Scott I; The Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia; School of Clinical Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia., Sugathapala RDUP; School of Nursing and Midwifery, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia., Chaboyer W; Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia. Electronic address: https://twitter.com/WendyChaboyer.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: International journal of nursing studies [Int J Nurs Stud] 2024 Feb; Vol. 150, pp. 104642. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Nov 17.
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2023.104642
Abstrakt: Background: Hospital-acquired pressure injuries remain a significant patient safety threat. Current well-known pressure injury risk assessment tools have many limitations and therefore do not accurately predict the risk of pressure injury development over diverse populations. A contemporary understanding of the risk factors predicting pressure injury in adult hospitalised patients will inform pressure injury prevention and future researchers considering risk assessment tool development may benefit from our summary and synthesis of risk factors.
Objective: To summarise and synthesise systematic reviews that identify risk factors for hospital-acquired pressure injury development in adult patients.
Design: An overview of systematic reviews.
Methods: Cochrane and the Joanna Briggs Institute methodologies guided this overview. The Cochrane library, CINAHL, MEDLINE, and Embase databases were searched for relevant articles published in English from January 2008 to September 2022. Two researchers independently screened articles against the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, extracted data and assessed the quality of the included reviews using "a measurement tool to assess systematic reviews" (AMSTAR version 2). Data were categorised using an inductive approach and synthesised according to the recent pressure injury conceptual frameworks.
Results: From 11 eligible reviews, 37 risk factors were categorised inductively into 14 groups of risk factors. From these, six groups were classified into two domains: four to mechanical boundary conditions and two to susceptibility and tolerance of the individual. The remaining eight groups were evident across both domains. Four main risk factors, including diabetes, length of surgery or intensive care unit stay, vasopressor use, and low haemoglobin level were synthesised. The overall quality of the included reviews was low in five studies (45 %) and critically low in six studies (55 %).
Conclusions: Our findings highlighted the limitations in the methodological quality of the included reviews that may have influenced our results regarding risk factors. Current risk assessment tools and conceptual frameworks do not fully explain the complex and changing interactions amongst risk factors. This may warrant the need for more high-quality research, such as cohort studies, focussing on predicting hospital-acquired pressure injury in adult patients, to reconsider these risk factors we synthesised.
Registration: This overview was registered with the PROSPERO (CRD42022362218) on 27 September 2022.
Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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