Historical shifting in grain mineral density of landmark rice and wheat cultivars released over the past 50 years in India.

Autor: Debnath S; Directorate of Research, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Kalyani, West Bengal, 741 235, India.; Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, West Bengal, 741 252, India.; Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Central Institute of Temperate Horticulture, Regional Station Mukteshwar, Nainital, Uttarakhand, 263 138, India.; ICAR-Central Agroforestry Research Institute, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, 284 003, India., Dey A; Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, West Bengal, 741 252, India., Khanam R; ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, 753 006, India., Saha S; College of Agriculture, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Burdwan Sadar, West Bengal, 713 101, India., Sarkar D; Directorate of Research, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Kalyani, West Bengal, 741 235, India.; Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, West Bengal, 741 252, India., Saha JK; Division of Environmental Soil Science, ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil Science, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462 038, India., Coumar MV; Division of Environmental Soil Science, ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil Science, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462 038, India., Patra BC; ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, 753 006, India., Biswas T; Department of Agricultural Statistics, Faculty of Agriculture, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, West Bengal, 741 252, India.; Department of Agricultural Economics and Statistics, M.S. Swaminathan School of Agriculture, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 761 211, India., Ray M; Division of Forecasting and Agricultural Systems Modeling, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India., Radhika MS; Department of Dietetics, Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500 007, India., Mandal B; Directorate of Research, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Kalyani, West Bengal, 741 235, India. mandalbiswapati@rediffmail.com.; Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, West Bengal, 741 252, India. mandalbiswapati@rediffmail.com.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Scientific reports [Sci Rep] 2023 Nov 30; Vol. 13 (1), pp. 21164. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Nov 30.
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48488-5
Abstrakt: The 'Green Revolution (GR)' has been successful in meeting food sufficiency in India, but compromising its nutritional security. In a first, we report altered grain nutrients profile of modern-bred rice and wheat cultivars diminishing their mineral dietary significance to the Indian population. To substantiate, we evaluated grain nutrients profile of historical landmark high-yielding cultivars of rice and wheat released in succeeding decades since the GR and its impacts on mineral diet quality and human health, with a prediction for decades ahead. Analysis of grain nutrients profile shows a downward trend in concentrations of essential and beneficial elements, but an upward in toxic elements in past 50 y in both rice and wheat. For example, zinc (Zn) and iron (Fe) concentration in grains of rice decreased by ~ 33.0 (P < 0.001) and 27.0% (P < 0.0001); while for wheat it decreased by ~ 30.0 (P < 0.0001) and 19.0% (P < 0.0001) in past more than 50 y, respectively. A proposed mineral-diet quality index (M-DQI) significantly (P < 0.0001) decreased ~ 57.0 and 36.0% in the reported time span (1960-2010) in rice and wheat, respectively. The impoverished M-DQI could impose hostile effects on non-communicable diseases (NCDs) like iron-deficiency anemia, respiratory, cardiovascular, and musculoskeletal among the Indian population by 2040. Our research calls for an urgency of grain nutrients profiling before releasing a cultivar of staples like rice and wheat in the future.
(© 2023. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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