The admixture of Quercus sp. in Pinus sylvestris stands influences wood anatomical trait responses to climatic variability and drought events.

Autor:	Giberti GS; Faculty of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, Free University of Bolzano - Bozen, Bolzano, Italy., von Arx G; Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland.; Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland., Giovannelli A; Istituto di Ricerca sugli Ecosistemi Terrestri (IRET), Consiglio Nazionale Ricerche, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.; National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), Palermo, Italy., du Toit B; Department of Forest and Wood Science, Faculty of AgriSciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa., Unterholzner L; Department of Land Environment Agriculture and Forestry, University of Padova, Legnaro, Italy.; Chair of Forest Growth and Woody Biomass Production, Technische Universität Dresden, Tharandt, Germany., Bielak K; Department of Silviculture, Institute of Forest Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Warsaw, Poland., Carrer M; Department of Land Environment Agriculture and Forestry, University of Padova, Legnaro, Italy., Uhl E; School of Life Sciences, Chair for Forest Growth and Yield Science, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Freising, Germany.; Bavarian State Institute of Forestry (LWF), Freising, Germany., Bravo F; Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Gestión Forestal Sostenible (iuFOR). Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenierías Agrarias de Palencia, Universidad de Valladolid, Palencia, Spain., Tonon G; Faculty of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, Free University of Bolzano - Bozen, Bolzano, Italy., Wellstein C; Faculty of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, Free University of Bolzano - Bozen, Bolzano, Italy.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Frontiers in plant science [Front Plant Sci] 2023 Nov 16; Vol. 14, pp. 1213814. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Nov 16 (Print Publication: 2023).
DOI:	10.3389/fpls.2023.1213814
Abstrakt:	Introduction: Forests are threatened by increasingly severe and more frequent drought events worldwide. Mono-specific forests, developed as a consequence of widespread management practices established early last century, seem particularly susceptible to global warming and drought compared with mixed-species forests. Although, in several contexts, mixed-species forests display higher species diversity, higher productivity, and higher resilience, previous studies highlighted contrasting findings, with not only many positive but also neutral or negative effects on tree performance that could be related to tree species diversity. Processes underlying this relationship need to be investigated. Wood anatomical traits are informative proxies of tree functioning, and they can potentially provide novel long-term insights in this regard. However, wood anatomical traits are critically understudied in such a context. Here, we assess the role of tree admixture on Pinus sylvestris L. xylem traits such as mean hydraulic diameter, cell wall thickness, and anatomical wood density, and we test the variability of these traits in response to climatic parameters such as temperature, precipitation, and drought event frequency and intensity. Methods: Three monocultural plots of P. sylvestris and three mixed-stand plots of P. sylvestris and Quercus sp. were identified in Poland and Spain, representing Continental and Mediterranean climate types, respectively. In each plot, we analyzed xylem traits from three P. sylvestris trees, for a total of nine trees in monocultures and nine in mixed stands per study location. Results: The results highlighted that anatomical wood density was one of the most sensitive traits to detect tree responses to climatic conditions and drought under different climate and forest types. Inter-specific facilitation mechanisms were detected in the admixture between P. sylvestris and Quercus sp., especially during the early growing season and during stressful events such as spring droughts, although they had negligible effects in the late growing season. Discussion: Our findings suggest that the admixture between P. sylvestris and Quercus sp. increases the resilience of P. sylvestris to extreme droughts. In a global warming scenario, this admixture could represent a useful adaptive management option. Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. (Copyright © 2023 Giberti, von Arx, Giovannelli, du Toit, Unterholzner, Bielak, Carrer, Uhl, Bravo, Tonon and Wellstein.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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