Beyond the Horizon: Unveiling the Frontiers of Rectal Cancer Research and Treatment.

Autor:	Mithany RH; Laparoscopic Colorectal Surgery, Kingston Hospital National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Kingston Upon Thames, GBR., Shahid MH; Surgery, Glangwili General Hospital, Carmarthen, GBR., Abdallah S; Surgery, Jaber Al-Ahmad Hospital, Kuwait, KWT., Abdelmaseeh M; General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Assuit University, Assuit, EGY., Manasseh M; General Surgery, Torbay and South Devon National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Torquay, GBR., Gerges F; General and Emergency Surgery, Kingston Hospital National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Kingston Upon Thames, GBR., Wanees A; General Surgery, Dar El-Salam General Hospital, Cairo, EGY., Mohamed MS; Orthopaedics, King's College, London, GBR., Hakim MW; Surgery, Minia University Hospital, Minia, EGY., Aslam S; General Surgery, Lahore General Hospital, Lahore, PAK., Daniel N; Medical Laboratory Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, EGY.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Cureus [Cureus] 2023 Nov 14; Vol. 15 (11), pp. e48796. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Nov 14 (Print Publication: 2023).
DOI:	10.7759/cureus.48796
Abstrakt:	Colorectal cancer, ranking among the most prevalent causes of cancer-related mortality, is an escalating global health concern. The incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer are expected to surge substantially by 2030, posing a significant public health challenge. This article provides a comprehensive overview of rectal cancer, encompassing its epidemiology, anatomical intricacies, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and diagnosis. The tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) classification system for rectal cancer is detailed, offering crucial insights for staging and treatment decisions. Various treatment modalities are discussed, including surgical approaches, systemic therapies, radiation therapy, and local therapies for metastases. Recent advances in robotic surgery and innovative radiation technologies are explored. Furthermore, prevention strategies are elucidated, focusing on lifestyle modifications and pharmacological interventions that may mitigate the risk of colorectal cancer. The article underscores the importance of understanding rectal cancer for healthcare professionals and patients, enabling informed decision-making and enhanced management of this disease. Prognostic factors are outlined, with survival rates and the prognosis of rectal cancer contingent on several influential elements, highlighting the multifaceted nature of this condition. In conclusion, accurate diagnosis, diverse treatment options, and prevention strategies, including advances like robotic surgery, influence rectal cancer outcomes. A comprehensive overview empowers healthcare professionals and patients to make informed decisions for improved disease management and prognosis. Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. (Copyright © 2023, Mithany et al.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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