Maternal Mental Health During and Before the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Comparative Analysis in the Kingdom of Bahrain.
| Autor: | Varghese B; Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Bahrain Defense Force Hospital, West Riffa, BHR., Sunder A; Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Bahrain Defense Force Hospital, West Riffa, BHR., Aldoseri W; Obstetrics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland - Bahrain, Riffa, BHR., Alsheglawi T; Obstetrics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland - Bahrain, Riffa, BHR., Mirghani Aljailani Fadhulalla Y; Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Bahrain Defense Force Hospital, West Riffa, BHR., Hashim Albadawi R; Obstetrics, Bahrain Defense Force Hospital, West Riffa, BHR., Natarajan IK; Stroke, National Health Services, Stanford, GBR., Qureshi A; Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Bahrain Defense Force Royal Medical Services, West Riffa, BHR., Darwish B; Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Bahrain Defense Force Hospital, West Riffa, BHR. |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Zdroj: | Cureus [Cureus] 2023 Oct 13; Vol. 15 (10), pp. e46938. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Oct 13 (Print Publication: 2023). |
| DOI: | 10.7759/cureus.46938 |
| Abstrakt: | Introduction The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic created a crisis in health care systems worldwide. The maternity services were restricted due to the pandemic regulations. The psychological burden on the pregnant women was to various extents. Individuals and organizations implemented support schemes to understand and support their mental health. In our study, the psychological impact of pregnant women who contracted COVID-19 during pregnancy was compared with pregnancy of the same population before the pandemic as it could be a précised and helpful method to counsel pregnant women effectually. Study design This retrospective study included 111 women and was conducted at Bahrain Defense Force Hospital from January 2021 until December 2021. The researchers distributed a Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) questionnaire to women who delivered babies during the pandemic. The researchers then analyzed these scores and compared them with the scores of a control group of women who completed their pregnancies before the pandemic. The data were analyzed using SPSS Version 25.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY). P-values of less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results The HADS questionnaire results demonstrated that women's anxiety and depression during their pregnancy during the COVID-19 pandemic were significantly higher than that during their pregnancy before the pandemic, with a mean score of 14.97 (95% CI: 14.5 to 15.4) and 9.4 (95% CI: 8.8 to 9.9), respectively, and a p -value of <0.001. Additionally, during the COVID-19 pandemic, 100% of participants were "abnormal" in the anxiety category, and 86.5% were "abnormal" in the depression category, whereas before the pandemic, 0.9% of the studied population were abnormal, 3.6% were borderline abnormal, and 95.5% were normal in the depression category. The comparison of these scores highlighted that the pandemic had a significant negative psychological effect on the mothers during pregnancy, thus increasing their anxiety and depression. The correlated personal, social, and clinical factors were fear of delivery, fear of disease transmission, loss of family support, social isolation, uncertainty of life, and economic crises. Depression scores were significantly correlated to factors such as fear of disease transmission to the baby (p=0.027), fear of delivery (p=0.008), and loss of family support (p=0.001). Contributing factors and anxiety scores yielded significant correlations with fear of delivery (r Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. (Copyright © 2023, Varghese et al.) |
| Databáze: | MEDLINE |
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