Cannabis smoke suppresses antiviral immune responses to influenza A in mice.

Autor:	Milad N; Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.; Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health - Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.; McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.; These authors contributed equally to the studies and manuscript., Fantauzzi MF; Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.; Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health - Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.; McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.; These authors contributed equally to the studies and manuscript., McGrath JJC; Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA., Cass SP; Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.; Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health - Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.; McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada., Thayaparan D; Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.; Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health - Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.; McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada., Wang P; Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.; Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health - Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.; McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada., Afkhami S; Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.; Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health - Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.; McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada., Aguiar JA; Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada., Ask K; Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.; Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health - Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.; McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada., Doxey AC; Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada., Stampfli MR; Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.; Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health - Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.; McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada., Hirota JA; Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.; Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health - Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.; McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	ERJ open research [ERJ Open Res] 2023 Nov 27; Vol. 9 (6). Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Nov 27 (Print Publication: 2023).
DOI:	10.1183/23120541.00219-2023
Abstrakt:	Rationale: Despite its increasingly widespread use, little is known about the impact of cannabis smoking on the response to viral infections like influenza A virus (IAV). Many assume that cannabis smoking will disrupt antiviral responses in a manner similar to cigarette smoking; however, since cannabinoids exhibit anti-inflammatory effects, cannabis smoke exposure may impact viral infection in distinct ways. Methods: Male and female BALB/c mice were exposed daily to cannabis smoke and concurrently intranasally instilled with IAV. Viral burden, inflammatory mediator levels (multiplex ELISA), lung immune cells populations (flow cytometry) and gene expression patterns (RNA sequencing) were assessed in the lungs. Plasma IAV-specific antibodies were measured via ELISA. Results: We found that cannabis smoke exposure increased pulmonary viral burden while decreasing total leukocytes, including macrophages, monocytes and dendritic cell populations in the lungs. Furthermore, infection-induced upregulation of certain inflammatory mediators (interferon-γ and C-C motif chemokine ligand 5) was blunted by cannabis smoke exposure, which in females was linked to the transcriptional downregulation of pathways involved in innate and adaptive immune responses. Finally, plasma levels of IAV-specific IgM and IgG1 were significantly decreased in cannabis smoke-exposed, infected mice compared to infected controls, only in female mice. Conclusions: Overall, cannabis smoke exposure disrupted host-defence processes, leading to increased viral burden and dampened inflammatory signalling. These results suggest that cannabis smoking is detrimental to the maintenance of pulmonary homeostasis during viral infection and highlight the need for data regarding the impact on immune competency in humans. Competing Interests: Conflict of interest: All authors have nothing to disclose. (Copyright ©The authors 2023.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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