| Autor: |
Barros AG; Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana - UEFS, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-graduação em Botânica, Feira de Santana, BA, Brasil., Costa JS; Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana - UEFS, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-graduação em Botânica, Feira de Santana, BA, Brasil., Lima MRO; Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana - UEFS, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-graduação em Recursos Genéticos Vegetais, Feira de Santana, BA, Brasil., Souza IP; Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana - UEFS, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-graduação em Botânica, Feira de Santana, BA, Brasil., Miranda LAP; Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana - UEFS, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Laboratório Flora e Vegetação, Feira de Santana, BA, Brasil., Couto-Santos APL; Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia - UESB, Departamento de Ciências Exatas e Naturais, Itapetinga, BA, Brasil., Funch LS; Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana - UEFS, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-graduação em Botânica, Feira de Santana, BA, Brasil.; Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana - UEFS, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-graduação em Recursos Genéticos Vegetais, Feira de Santana, BA, Brasil. |
| Abstrakt: |
We evaluated the phenology and reproductive phenological diversity of three sympatric species of Miconia in a gallery forest in the Chapada Diamantina mountains, Bahia, Brazil. The reproductive phenophases (bud, flower, immature fruit, and mature fruit) of M. alborufescens (N=38), M. holosericea (N=46), and M. prasina (N=44) were evaluated monthly, between June/2008 and June/2015. The Fournier index was used to assess the intensities of the reproductive phenophases; synchrony and seasonality were analyzed using circular statistics and the Rayleigh (Z) test. The Frideman and Wilcoxon tests were used to verify interannual variations in phenological patterns. Reproductive phenological diversity was measured by calculating the Shannon-Wiener index; ANOVA tested possible differences in the means of diversity among the different years. The reproductive phenophases of the studied Miconia species occurred sequentially (M. alborufescens, then M. holoserica, followed by M. prasina), in the transition between the dry and rainy seasons, with little overlap between them. In general, the species showed seasonal and synchronic phenological patterns, with some variations that coincided with El Niño and/or La Niña events, e.g., demonstrating changes in the periodicity, synchrony, and intensity of their phenophases. The intensity of fruiting, for example, showed increases during La Niña years. Reproductive phenological diversity appears to respond to climate changes resulting from El Niño events and periods of prolonged drought, with high Shannon-Wiener index values. The results also suggest that the effects of global climatic phenomena (El Niño and La Niña) that alter regional climatic seasonality can also cause variations in the reproductive phenological rhythms of the Miconia species studied. |
