Tumor Tropism of DNA Viruses for Oncolytic Virotherapy.

Autor: Enow JA; Biodesign Center for Personalized Diagnostics, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA.; School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA., Sheikh HI; Biodesign Center for Personalized Diagnostics, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA., Rahman MM; Biodesign Center for Personalized Diagnostics, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA.; School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Viruses [Viruses] 2023 Nov 16; Vol. 15 (11). Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Nov 16.
DOI: 10.3390/v15112262
Abstrakt: Oncolytic viruses (OVs) have emerged as one of the most promising cancer immunotherapy agents that selectively target and kill cancer cells while sparing normal cells. OVs are from diverse families of viruses and can possess either a DNA or an RNA genome. These viruses also have either a natural or engineered tropism for cancer cells. Oncolytic DNA viruses have the additional advantage of a stable genome and multiple-transgene insertion capability without compromising infection or replication. Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1), a member of the oncolytic DNA viruses, has been approved for the treatment of cancers. This success with HSV-1 was achievable by introducing multiple genetic modifications within the virus to enhance cancer selectivity and reduce the toxicity to healthy cells. Here, we review the natural characteristics of and genetically engineered changes in selected DNA viruses that enhance the tumor tropism of these oncolytic viruses.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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