Defect engineering on electrocatalysts for sustainable nitrate reduction to ammonia: Fundamentals and regulations.

Autor: Fang L; Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1400714, Chongqing, China., Lu S; Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1400714, Chongqing, China., Wang S; Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1400714, Chongqing, China.; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China., Yang X; Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1400714, Chongqing, China., Song C; Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1400714, Chongqing, China., Yin F; Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1400714, Chongqing, China., Liu H; Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1400714, Chongqing, China.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) [Chemistry] 2024 Apr 05; Vol. 30 (20), pp. e202303249. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jan 30.
DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303249
Abstrakt: Electrocatalytic nitrate (NO 3 - ) reduction to ammonia (NH 3 ) is a "two birds-one stone" method that targets remediation of NO 3 - -containing sewage and production of valuable NH 3 . The exploitation of advanced catalysts with high activity, selectivity, and durability is a key issue for the efficient catalytic performance. Among various strategies for catalyst design, defect engineering has gained increasing attention due to its ability to modulate the electronic properties of electrocatalysts and optimize the adsorption energy of reactive species, thereby enhancing the catalytic performance. Despite previous progress, there remains a lack of mechanistic insights into the regulation of catalyst defects for NO 3 - reduction. Herein, this review presents insightful understanding of defect engineering for NO 3 - reduction, covering its background, definition, classification, construction, and underlying mechanisms. Moreover, the relationships between regulation of catalyst defects and their catalytic activities are illustrated by investigating the properties of electrocatalysts through the analysis of electronic band structure, charge density distribution, and controllable adsorption energy. Furthermore, challenges and perspectives for future development of defects in NO 3 RR are also discussed, which can help researchers to better understand the defect engineering in catalysts, and also inspire scientists entering into this promising field.
(© 2023 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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