Exposure to ambient air toxicants and the risk of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS): A matched case control study.

Autor: Wu F; Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States. Electronic address: faw19@pitt.edu., Malek AM; Department of Public Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States., Buchanich JM; Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States., Arena VC; Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States., Rager JR; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States., Sharma RK; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States., Vena JE; Department of Public Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States., Bear T; Department of Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States., Talbott EO; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States. Electronic address: eot1@pitt.edu.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Environmental research [Environ Res] 2024 Feb 01; Vol. 242, pp. 117719. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Nov 21.
DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117719
Abstrakt: Background: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disorder with few risk factors identified and no known cure. Gene-environment interaction is hypothesized especially for sporadic ALS cases (90-95%) which are of unknown etiology. We aimed to investigate risk factors for ALS including exposure to ambient air toxics.
Methods: This population-based case-control study included 267 ALS cases (from the United States [U.S.] Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry National ALS Registry and Biorepository) and 267 age, sex, and county-matched controls identified via a commercial database. Exposure assessment for 34 ambient air toxicants was performed by assigning census tract-level U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) 2011 National Air Toxics Assessment (NATA) data to participants' residential ZIP codes. Conditional logistic regression was used to compute adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for individual compounds, chemical classes, and overall exposure. Sensitivity analyses using both conditional logistic regression and Bayesian grouped weighted quartile sum (GWQS) models were performed to assess the integrity of findings.
Results: Using the 2011 NATA, the highest exposure quartile (Q4) compared to the lowest (Q1) of vinyl chloride (aOR = 6.00, 95% CI: 1.87-19.25), 2,4-dinitrotoluene (aOR = 5.45, 95% CI: 1.53-19.36), cyanide (aOR = 4.34, 95% CI: 1.52-12.43), cadmium (aOR = 3.30, 95% CI: 1.11-9.77), and carbon disulfide (aOR = 2.98, 95% CI: 1.00-8.91) was associated with increased odds of ALS. Residential air selenium showed an inverse association with ALS (second quartile [Q2] vs. Q1: aOR = 0.38, 95% CI: 0.18-0.79). Additionally, residential exposure to organic/chlorinated solvents (Q4 vs Q1: aOR = 2.62, 95% CI: 1.003-6.85) was associated with ALS.
Conclusions: Our findings using the 2011 NATA linked by census tract to residential area provide evidence of increased ALS risk in cases compared to controls for 2,4-dinitrotoluene, vinyl chloride, cyanide, and the organic/chlorinated solvents class. This underscores the importance of ongoing surveillance of potential exposures for at-risk populations.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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