Genomic analysis of Citrobacter from Australian wastewater and silver gulls reveals novel sequence types carrying critically important antibiotic resistance genes.

Autor:	Hem S; Australian Institute for Microbiology and Infection, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia; The Australian Centre for Genomic Epidemiological Microbiology, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia., Cummins ML; Australian Institute for Microbiology and Infection, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia; The Australian Centre for Genomic Epidemiological Microbiology, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia., Wyrsch ER; Australian Institute for Microbiology and Infection, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia; The Australian Centre for Genomic Epidemiological Microbiology, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia., Drigo B; UniSA STEM, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia., Hoye BJ; School of Earth, Atmospheric and Life Sciences, University of Wollongong NSW, Australia; Environmental Futures Research Centre, University of Wollongong NSW, Australia., Maute K; School of Earth, Atmospheric and Life Sciences, University of Wollongong NSW, Australia; Environmental Futures Research Centre, University of Wollongong NSW, Australia., Sanderson-Smith M; School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience and Molecular Horizons, University of Wollongong, NSW, Australia., Gorman J; School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience and Molecular Horizons, University of Wollongong, NSW, Australia., Bogema DR; Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Institute, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Menangle, NSW, Australia., Jenkins C; Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Institute, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Menangle, NSW, Australia., Deutscher AT; Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Institute, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Menangle, NSW, Australia., Yam J; Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Institute, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Menangle, NSW, Australia., Hai F; School of Civil, Mining, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, University of Wollongong, NSW, Australia., Donner E; Cooperative Research Centre for Solving Antimicrobial resistance in Agribusiness, Food, and Environments (CRC SAAFE), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia., Jarocki VM; Australian Institute for Microbiology and Infection, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia; The Australian Centre for Genomic Epidemiological Microbiology, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia. Electronic address: Veronica.Jarocki@uts.edu.au., Djordjevic SP; Australian Institute for Microbiology and Infection, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia; The Australian Centre for Genomic Epidemiological Microbiology, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia. Electronic address: Steven.Djordjevic@uts.edu.au.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	The Science of the total environment [Sci Total Environ] 2024 Jan 20; Vol. 909, pp. 168608. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Nov 16.
DOI:	10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168608
Abstrakt:	Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major public health concern, and environmental bacteria have been recognized as important reservoirs of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs). Citrobacter, a common environmental bacterium and opportunistic pathogen in humans and other animals, has been largely understudied in terms of its diversity and AMR potential. Whole-genome (short-read) sequencing on a total of 77 Citrobacter isolates obtained from Australian silver gull (Chroicocephalus novaehollandiae) (n = 17) and influent wastewater samples (n = 60) was performed, revealing a diverse Citrobacter population, with seven different species and 33 sequence types, 17 of which were novel. From silver gull using non-selective media we isolated a broader range of species with little to no mobilised ARG carriage. Wastewater isolates (selected using Carbapenem- Resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) selective media) carried a heavy burden of ARGs (up to 21 ARGs, conferring resistance to nine classes of antibiotics), with several novel multidrug-resistant (MDR) lineages identified, including C. braakii ST1110, which carried ARGs conferring resistance to eight to nine classes of antibiotics, and C. freundii ST1105, which carried two carbapenemase genes, bla IMP-4 in class 1 integron structure, and bla KPC-2 . Additionally, we identified an MDR C. portucalensis isolate carrying bla NDM-1 , bla SHV-12 , and mcr-9. We identified IncC, IncM2, and IncP6 plasmids as the likely vectors for many of the critically important mobilised ARGs. Phylogenetic analyses were performed to assess any epidemiological linkages between isolation sources, demonstrating low relatedness across sources beyond the ST level. However, these analyses did reveal some closer relationships between strains from disparate wastewater sources despite their collection some 13,000 km apart. These findings support the need for future surveillance of Citrobacter populations in wastewater and wildlife populations to monitor for potential opportunistic human pathogens. Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
Externí odkaz:	Full Text from ScienceDirect