The Developmental Unfolding of ADHD Symptoms from Early Childhood Through Adolescence: Early Effects of Exuberant Temperament, Parenting and Executive Functioning.

Autor: Lorenzo NE; Psychology Department, American University, 4400 Massachusetts Avenue, NW, Washington, DC, 20016, US. nlorenzo@american.edu., Bui HNT; Psychology Department, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, US., Degnan KA; Psychology Department, Catholic University, Washington, DC, US., McDermott JM; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, US., Henderson HA; Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada., Fox NA; Department of Human Development and Quantitative Methodology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, US., Chronis-Tuscano A; Psychology Department, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, US.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Research on child and adolescent psychopathology [Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol] 2024 Apr; Vol. 52 (4), pp. 621-634. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Nov 17.
DOI: 10.1007/s10802-023-01140-2
Abstrakt: Temperament, parenting, and executive functioning (EF) are individual and contextual factors that have been identified to play a role in the development of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) symptoms. Specifically, exuberant temperament in toddlerhood has been associated with both adaptive and maladaptive outcomes, including ADHD symptoms. Therefore, it is important to understand factors that predict which exuberant children experience increased ADHD symptoms and the specific mechanisms through which early exuberant temperament impacts later ADHD symptoms. Using a multi-method, prospective longitudinal design, this study examined a moderated mediation model wherein the interactive effects of observed exuberance and parenting at age 3 predicted the development of parent-reported ADHD symptoms from childhood through adolescence (age 5, 7, 9, 12, and 15) via child EF (i.e., inhibitory control) at age 4. Parent-child dyads (n = 291) from a longitudinal study on child temperament were included. A piecewise model of ADHD symptom growth demonstrated stability in ADHD symptoms from age 5-9 and a decrease from age 9-15. Results support a moderated mediation model wherein an increase in ADHD symptoms throughout childhood was predicted from early childhood exuberant temperament by way of EF, but only for children whose parents displayed less directive parenting. Findings suggest identifiable early markers of risk, including temperament, parenting, and EF- pointing to possible targets for early intervention/prevention.
(© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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