Pearl Memorial Lecture. Humans at the extremes: Exploring human adaptation to ecological and social stressors.

Autor: Leonard WR; Department of Anthropology & Program in Global Health Studies, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: American journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council [Am J Hum Biol] 2024 Mar; Vol. 36 (3), pp. e24010. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Nov 16.
DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.24010
Abstrakt: The field of human biology has long explored how human populations have adapted to extreme environmental circumstances. Yet, it has become increasingly clear that conditions of social stress, poverty, and lifestyle change play equally important roles in shaping human biological variation and health. In this paper, I provide a brief background on the foundational human adaptability research of the International Biological Programme (IBP) from the 1960s, highlighting how its successes and critiques have shaped current research directions in the field. I then discuss and reflect on my own field research that has examined the influence of both environmental and social stresses on human populations living in different ecosystems: the Peruvian Andes, the Siberian arctic, and the Bolivian rainforest. Finally, I consider how the papers in this special issue advance our understanding of human adaptability to extreme conditions and offer directions for future research. Drawing on our field's distinctive evolutionary and biocultural perspectives, human biologists are uniquely positioned to examine how the interplay between social and ecological domains influences the human condition.
(© 2023 The Authors. American Journal of Human Biology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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