High-protein diet with excess leucine prevents inactivity-induced insulin resistance in women.

Autor: Mangogna A; Institute for Maternal and Child Health, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy., Di Girolamo FG; Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, Medical Clinic, Cattinara Hospital, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy; Hospital Pharmacy, Cattinara Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina, Trieste, Italy., Fiotti N; Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, Medical Clinic, Cattinara Hospital, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy., Vinci P; Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, Medical Clinic, Cattinara Hospital, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy., Landolfo M; Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, Medical Clinic, Cattinara Hospital, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy., Mearelli F; Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, Medical Clinic, Cattinara Hospital, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy., Biolo G; Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, Medical Clinic, Cattinara Hospital, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy. Electronic address: biolo@units.it.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) [Clin Nutr] 2023 Dec; Vol. 42 (12), pp. 2578-2587. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Nov 02.
DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2023.10.028
Abstrakt: Background and Aims: Muscle inactivity leads to muscle atrophy and insulin resistance. The branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) leucine interacts with the insulin signaling pathway to modulate glucose metabolism. We have tested the ability of a high-protein BCAA-enriched diet to prevent insulin resistance during long-term bed rest (BR).
Methods: Stable isotopes were infused to determine glucose and protein kinetics in the postabsorptive state and during a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp in combination with amino acid infusion (Clamp + AA) before and at the end of 60 days of BR in two groups of healthy, young women receiving eucaloric diets containing 1 g of protein/kg per day (n = 8) or 1.45 g of protein/kg per day enriched with 0.15 g/kg per day of BCAAs (leucine/valine/isoleucine = 2/1/1) (n = 8). Body composition was determined by Dual X-ray Absorptiometry.
Results: BR decreased lean body mass by 7.6 ± 0.3 % and 7.2 ± 0.8 % in the groups receiving conventional or high protein-BCAA diets, respectively. Fat mass was unchanged in both groups. At the end of BR, percent changes of insulin-mediated glucose uptake significantly (p = 0.01) decreased in the conventional diet group from 155 ± 23 % to 84 ± 10 % while did not change significantly in the high protein-BCAA diet group from 126 ± 20 % to 141 ± 27 % (BR effect, p = 0.32; BR/diet interaction, p = 0.01; Repeated Measures ANCOVA). In contrast, there were no BR/diet interactions on proteolysis and protein synthesis Clamp + AA changes in the conventional diet and the high protein-BCAA diet groups.
Conclusion: A high protein-BCAA enriched diet prevented inactivity-induced insulin resistance in healthy women.
Competing Interests: Conflict of interest The authors have declared that no conflict of interest exists.
(Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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