Fiber-deficient diet inhibits colitis through the regulation of the niche and metabolism of a gut pathobiont.

Autor:	Kuffa P; Department of Pathology and Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA., Pickard JM; Department of Pathology and Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA., Campbell A; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA., Yamashita M; Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan., Schaus SR; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA., Martens EC; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA., Schmidt TM; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA., Inohara N; Department of Pathology and Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA., Núñez G; Department of Pathology and Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA., Caruso R; Department of Pathology and Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. Electronic address: rocaruso@med.umich.edu.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Cell host & microbe [Cell Host Microbe] 2023 Dec 13; Vol. 31 (12), pp. 2007-2022.e12. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Nov 14.
DOI:	10.1016/j.chom.2023.10.016
Abstrakt:	Exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) with fiber-free diets is an effective steroid-sparing treatment to induce clinical remission in children with Crohn's disease (CD). However, the mechanism underlying the beneficial effects of EEN remains obscure. Using a model of microbiota-dependent colitis with the hallmarks of CD, we find that the administration of a fiber-free diet prevents the development of colitis and inhibits intestinal inflammation in colitic animals. Remarkably, fiber-free diet alters the intestinal localization of Mucispirillum schaedleri, a mucus-dwelling pathobiont, which is required for triggering disease. Mechanistically, the absence of dietary fiber reduces nutrient availability and impairs the dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonia (DNRA) metabolic pathway of Mucispirillum, leading to its exclusion from the mucus layer and disease remission. Thus, appropriate localization of the specific pathobiont in the mucus layer is critical for disease development, which is disrupted by fiber exclusion. These results suggest strategies to treat CD by targeting the intestinal niche and metabolism of disease-causing microbes. Competing Interests: Declaration of interests The authors declare no competing interests. (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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