Cessation of grazing causes biodiversity loss and homogenization of soil food webs.

Autor:	Schrama M; Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden Universiteit, Einsteinweg 2, 2333CC Leiden, The Netherlands.; Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Manchester, Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK., Quist CW; Biosystematics group, Wageningen UR, Droevendaalse steeg 1, 6708PB Wageningen, The Netherlands.; Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen UR, Droevendaalse steeg 1, 6708PB Wageningen, The Netherlands., Arjen de Groot G; Wageningen Environmental Research (Alterra), Wageningen UR, Wageningen, The Netherlands., Cieraad E; Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden Universiteit, Einsteinweg 2, 2333CC Leiden, The Netherlands.; Te Pukenga-Nelson Marlborough Institute of Technology, 322 Hardy Street, Nelson 7010, New Zealand., Ashworth D; Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Manchester, Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK., Laros I; Wageningen Environmental Research (Alterra), Wageningen UR, Wageningen, The Netherlands., Hansen LH; Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark.; Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark., Leff J; Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA., Fierer N; Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA., Bardgett RD; Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Manchester, Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Proceedings. Biological sciences [Proc Biol Sci] 2023 Nov 29; Vol. 290 (2011), pp. 20231345. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Nov 15.
DOI:	10.1098/rspb.2023.1345
Abstrakt:	There is widespread concern that cessation of grazing in historically grazed ecosystems is causing biotic homogenization and biodiversity loss. We used 12 montane grassland sites along an 800 km north-south gradient across the UK, to test whether cessation of grazing affects local α - and β -diversity of below-ground food webs. We show cessation of grazing leads to strongly decreased α -diversity of most groups of soil microbes and fauna, particularly of relatively rare taxa. By contrast, the β -diversity varied between groups of soil organisms. While most soil microbial communities exhibited increased homogenization after cessation of grazing, we observed decreased homogenization for soil fauna after cessation of grazing. Overall, our results indicate that exclusion of domesticated herbivores from historically grazed montane grasslands has far-ranging negative consequences for diversity of below-ground food webs. This underscores the importance of grazers for maintaining the diversity of below-ground communities, which play a central role in ecosystem functioning.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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