The emergence and diversification of a zoonotic pathogen from within the microbiota of intensively farmed pigs.

Autor:	Murray GGR; Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom.; Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0ES, United Kingdom., Hossain ASMM; Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester M20 4BX, United Kingdom., Miller EL; Department of Biology, Haverford College, Haverford, PA 19041., Bruchmann S; Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0ES, United Kingdom., Balmer AJ; Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0ES, United Kingdom., Matuszewska M; Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0ES, United Kingdom.; Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, United Kingdom., Herbert J; Centre for Enzyme Innovation, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 2DD, United Kingdom., Hadjirin NF; Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, United Kingdom., Mugabi R; College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011., Li G; College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011., Ferrando ML; Animal Sciences Department, Wageningen University, 6700 AH Wageningen, The Netherlands., Fernandes de Oliveira IM; Animal Sciences Department, Wageningen University, 6700 AH Wageningen, The Netherlands., Nguyen T; Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam., Yen PLK; Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam., Phuc HD; Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam., Zaw Moe A; Livestock Breeding and Veterinary Department, Yangon, Myanmar., Su Wai T; Livestock Breeding and Veterinary Department, Yangon, Myanmar., Gottschalk M; Département de Pathologie et Microbiologie, Université de Montréal, Québec J2S 2M2, Canada., Aragon V; Unitat Mixta d'Investigació IRTA-UAB en Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal, Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08193, Spain.; OIE Collaborating Centre for the Research and Control of Emerging and Re-Emerging Swine Diseases in Europe (IRTA-CReSA), Barcelona 08193, Spain., Valentin-Weigand P; Institute for Microbiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover 30559, Germany., Heegaard PMH; Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby 2800, Denmark., Vrieling M; Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, 8221 RA Lelystad, The Netherlands., Thein Maw M; Livestock Breeding and Veterinary Department, Yangon, Myanmar., Thidar Myint H; Livestock Breeding and Veterinary Department, Yangon, Myanmar., Tun Win Y; Livestock Breeding and Veterinary Department, Yangon, Myanmar., Thi Hoa N; Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.; Centre for Tropical Medicine, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LG, United Kingdom.; Microbiology Department and Center for Tropical Medicine Research, Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam., Bentley SD; Parasites and Microbes Programme, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge CB10 1RQ, United Kingdom., Clavijo MJ; College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011., Wells JM; Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0ES, United Kingdom.; Animal Sciences Department, Wageningen University, 6700 AH Wageningen, The Netherlands., Tucker AW; Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0ES, United Kingdom., Weinert LA; Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0ES, United Kingdom.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America [Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A] 2023 Nov 21; Vol. 120 (47), pp. e2307773120. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Nov 14.
DOI:	10.1073/pnas.2307773120
Abstrakt:	The expansion and intensification of livestock production is predicted to promote the emergence of pathogens. As pathogens sometimes jump between species, this can affect the health of humans as well as livestock. Here, we investigate how livestock microbiota can act as a source of these emerging pathogens through analysis of Streptococcus suis , a ubiquitous component of the respiratory microbiota of pigs that is also a major cause of disease on pig farms and an important zoonotic pathogen. Combining molecular dating, phylogeography, and comparative genomic analyses of a large collection of isolates, we find that several pathogenic lineages of S. suis emerged in the 19th and 20th centuries, during an early period of growth in pig farming. These lineages have since spread between countries and continents, mirroring trade in live pigs. They are distinguished by the presence of three genomic islands with putative roles in metabolism and cell adhesion, and an ongoing reduction in genome size, which may reflect their recent shift to a more pathogenic ecology. Reconstructions of the evolutionary histories of these islands reveal constraints on pathogen emergence that could inform control strategies, with pathogenic lineages consistently emerging from one subpopulation of S. suis and acquiring genes through horizontal transfer from other pathogenic lineages. These results shed light on the capacity of the microbiota to rapidly evolve to exploit changes in their host population and suggest that the impact of changes in farming on the pathogenicity and zoonotic potential of S. suis is yet to be fully realized.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
Externí odkaz:	Zobrazit plný text záznamu