Assessing the Relative Importance of Satellite-Detected Methane Superemitters in Quantifying Total Emissions for Oil and Gas Production Areas in Algeria.

Autor:	Naus S; SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research, Leiden 3584 CA, Netherlands., Maasakkers JD; SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research, Leiden 3584 CA, Netherlands., Gautam R; Environmental Defense Fund, Washington, District of Columbia 20009, United States., Omara M; Environmental Defense Fund, Washington, District of Columbia 20009, United States., Stikker R; SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research, Leiden 3584 CA, Netherlands., Veenstra AK; SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research, Leiden 3584 CA, Netherlands., Nathan B; SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research, Leiden 3584 CA, Netherlands., Irakulis-Loitxate I; Research Institute of Water and Environmental Engineering (IIAMA), Universitat Politécnica de Valéncia (UPV), Valencia 46022, Spain.; International Methane Emission Observatory, United Nations Environment Program, Paris 75015, France., Guanter L; Environmental Defense Fund, Washington, District of Columbia 20009, United States.; Research Institute of Water and Environmental Engineering (IIAMA), Universitat Politécnica de Valéncia (UPV), Valencia 46022, Spain., Pandey S; SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research, Leiden 3584 CA, Netherlands.; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91011, United States., Girard M; GHGSat Inc., Montréal H2W 1Y5, Canada., Lorente A; SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research, Leiden 3584 CA, Netherlands.; Environmental Defense Fund, Washington, District of Columbia 20009, United States., Borsdorff T; SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research, Leiden 3584 CA, Netherlands., Aben I; SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research, Leiden 3584 CA, Netherlands.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Environmental science & technology [Environ Sci Technol] 2023 Dec 05; Vol. 57 (48), pp. 19545-19556. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Nov 13.
DOI:	10.1021/acs.est.3c04746
Abstrakt:	Methane emissions from oil and gas production provide an important contribution to global warming. We investigate 2020 emissions from the largest gas field in Algeria, Hassi R'Mel, and the oil-production-dominated area Hassi Messaoud. We use methane data from the high-resolution (20 m) Sentinel-2 instruments to identify and estimate emission time series for 11 superemitters (including 10 unlit flares). We integrate this information in a transport model inversion that uses methane data from the coarser (7 km × 5.5 km) but higher-precision TROPOMI instrument to estimate emissions from both the 11 superemitters (>1 t/h individually) and the remaining diffuse area source (not detected as point sources with Sentinel-2). Compared to a bottom-up inventory for 2019 that is aligned with UNFCCC-reported emissions, we find that 2020 emissions in Hassi R'Mel (0.16 [0.11-0.22] Tg/yr) are lower by 53 [24-73]%, and emissions in Hassi Messaoud (0.22 [0.13-0.28] Tg/yr) are higher by 79 [4-188]%. Our analysis indicates that a larger fraction of Algeria's methane emissions (∼75%) come from oil production than national reporting suggests (5%). Although in both regions the diffuse area source constitutes the majority of emissions, relatively few satellite-detected superemitters provide a significant contribution (24 [12-40]% in Hassi R'Mel; 49 [27-71]% in Hassi Messaoud), indicating that mitigation efforts should address both. Our synergistic use of Sentinel-2 and TROPOMI can produce a unique and detailed emission characterization of oil and gas production areas.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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