A Gender Hypothesis of sex disparities in adverse drug events.

Autor: Lee KMN; Tulane University, Department of Anthropology, 101 Dinwiddie Hall, 6823 St. Charles Ave., New Orleans, LA, 70118, USA. Electronic address: klee32@tulane.edu., Rushovich T; Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA. Electronic address: trushovich@g.harvard.edu., Gompers A; Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, 1518 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA. Electronic address: annika.gompers@emory.edu., Boulicault M; Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Linguistics and Philosophy, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA; University of Edinburgh, School of Philosophy, Psychology and Language Sciences, 40 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JX, UK. Electronic address: marion.boulicault@ed.ac.uk., Worthington S; Institute for Quantitative Social Science, Harvard University, 1737 Cambridge Street, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA., Lockhart JW; University of Chicago, Social Sciences Division, 1155 E. 60th St., Chicago, IL, 60637, USA. Electronic address: jlockhart@uchicago.edu., Richardson SS; Department of the History of Science, Harvard University, 1 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA; Committee on Degrees in Studies of Women, Gender, and Sexuality, Boylston Hall, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA. Electronic address: srichard@fas.harvard.edu.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Social science & medicine (1982) [Soc Sci Med] 2023 Dec; Vol. 339, pp. 116385. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Nov 08.
DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2023.116385
Abstrakt: Pharmacovigilance databases contain larger numbers of adverse drug events (ADEs) that occurred in women compared to men. The cause of this disparity is frequently attributed to sex-linked biological factors. We offer an alternative Gender Hypothesis, positing that gendered social factors are central to the production of aggregate sex disparities in ADE reports. We describe four pathways through which gender may influence observed sex disparities in pharmacovigilance databases: healthcare utilization; bias and discrimination in the clinic; experience of a drug event as adverse; and pre-existing social and structural determinants of health. We then use data from the U.S. FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) to explore how the Gender Hypothesis might generate novel predictions and explanations of sex disparities in ADEs in existing widely referenced datasets. Analyzing more than 3 million records of ADEs between 2014 and 2022, we find that patient-reported ADEs show a larger female skew than healthcare provider-reported ADEs and that the sex disparity is markedly smaller for outcomes involving death or hospitalization. We also find that the sex disparity varies greatly across types of ADEs, for example, cosmetically salient ADEs are skewed heavily female and sexual dysfunction ADEs are skewed male. Together, we interpret these findings as providing evidence of the promise of the Gender Hypothesis for identifying intervenable mechanisms and pathways contributing to sex disparities in ADEs. Rigorous application of the Gender Hypothesis to additional datasets and in future research studies could yield new insights into the causes of sex disparities in ADEs.
(Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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