| Autor: |
Krishnan J; Department of Medical Devices Engineering, BMT Wing, SCTIMST, Kerala, India., Joseph R; Department of Medical Devices Engineering, BMT Wing, SCTIMST, Kerala, India., Vayalappil MC; Department of Medical Devices Engineering, BMT Wing, SCTIMST, Kerala, India., Krishnan S; Department of Neurology, SCTIMST, Kerala, India., Kishore A; Aster Parkinson & Movement Disorder Centre, Senior Consultant Neurologist and Movement Disorder Specialist. |
| Jazyk: |
angličtina |
| Zdroj: |
Critical reviews in biomedical engineering [Crit Rev Biomed Eng] 2024; Vol. 52 (1), pp. 21-39. |
| DOI: |
10.1615/CritRevBiomedEng.2023049282 |
| Abstrakt: |
The efficacy of every neuromodulation modality depends upon the characteristics of the electrodes used to stimulate the chosen target. The geometrical, chemical, mechanical and physical configuration of electrodes used in neurostimulation affects several performance attributes like stimulation efficiency, selectivity, tissue response, etc. The efficiency of stimulation in relation to electrode impedance is influenced by the electrode material and/or its geometry. The nature of the electrode material determines the charge transfer across the electrode-tissue interface, which also relates to neuronal tissue damage. Electrode morphology or configuration pattern can facilitate the modulation of extracellular electric field (field shaping). This enables selective activation of neurons and minimizes side effects. Biocompatibility and biostability of the electrode materials or electrode coating have a role in glial formation and tissue damage. Mechanical and electrochemical stability (corrosion resistance) determines the long-term efficacy of any neuromodulation technique. Here, a review of electrodes typically used for implantable neuromodulation is discussed. Factors affecting the performance of electrodes like stimulation efficiency, selectivity and tissue responses to the electrode-tissue interface are discussed. Technological advancements to improve electrode characteristics are also included. |
| Databáze: |
MEDLINE |
| Externí odkaz: |
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