| Autor: |
Kumar V; School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Cranfield, UK.; Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, India., Agrawal D; Biochemistry and Biotechnology Area, Material Resource Efficiency Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum, Dehradun, India., Bommareddy RR; Department of Applied Sciences, Health and Life Sciences, Hub for Biotechnology in the Built Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK., Islam MA; Department of Chemical Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK., Jacob S; Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, India., Balan V; Department of Engineering Technology, Cullen College of Engineering, University of Houston, Sugar Land, TX, USA., Singh V; Department of Biosciences, School of Sciences, Indrashil University, Rajpur, Mehsana, India., Thakur VK; Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center, Scotland's Rural College (SRUC), Edinburgh, UK., Navani NK; Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, India., Scrutton NS; EPSRC/BBSRC Future Biomanufacturing Research Hub, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology and School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK. |
| Abstrakt: |
The circular economy is anticipated to bring a disruptive transformation in manufacturing technologies. Robust and industrial scalable microbial strains that can simultaneously assimilate and valorize multiple carbon substrates are highly desirable, as waste bioresources contain substantial amounts of renewable and fermentable carbon, which is diverse. Lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) is identified as an inexhaustible and alternative resource to reduce global dependence on oil. Glucose, xylose, and arabinose are the major monomeric sugars in LCB. However, primary research has focused on the use of glucose. On the other hand, the valorization of pentose sugars, xylose, and arabinose, has been mainly overlooked, despite possible assimilation by vast microbial communities. The present review highlights the research efforts that have explicitly proven the suitability of arabinose as the starting feedstock for producing various chemical building blocks via biological routes. It begins by analyzing the availability of various arabinose-rich biorenewable sources that can serve as potential feedstocks for biorefineries. The subsequent section outlines the current understanding of arabinose metabolism, biochemical routes prevalent in prokaryotic and eukaryotic systems, and possible products that can be derived from this sugar. Further, currently, exemplar products from arabinose, including arabitol, 2,3-butanediol, 1,2,3-butanetriol, ethanol, lactic acid, and xylitol are discussed, which have been produced by native and non-native microbial strains using metabolic engineering and genome editing tools. The final section deals with the challenges and obstacles associated with arabinose-based production, followed by concluding remarks and prospects. |
