In vitro exposure to PM 2.5 of olfactory Ensheathing cells and SH-SY5Y cells and possible association with neurodegenerative processes.

Autor: Cristaldi A; Department of Medical Sciences, Surgical and Advanced Technologies 'G.F. Ingrassia', University of Catania, Italy; ISDE: International Society of Doctors for Environments - ISDE, Catania Section, Italy., Oliveri Conti G; Department of Medical Sciences, Surgical and Advanced Technologies 'G.F. Ingrassia', University of Catania, Italy; ISDE: International Society of Doctors for Environments - ISDE, Catania Section, Italy; NANOMED: Research Center in Nanomedicine and Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Italy. Electronic address: olivericonti@unict.it., Pellitteri R; CNR-IRIB: National Research Council - Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council, Catania, Italy., La Cognata V; CNR-IRIB: National Research Council - Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council, Catania, Italy. Electronic address: valentina.lacognata@irib.cnr.it., Copat C; Department of Medical Sciences, Surgical and Advanced Technologies 'G.F. Ingrassia', University of Catania, Italy; ISDE: International Society of Doctors for Environments - ISDE, Catania Section, Italy., Pulvirenti E; Department of Medical Sciences, Surgical and Advanced Technologies 'G.F. Ingrassia', University of Catania, Italy; ISDE: International Society of Doctors for Environments - ISDE, Catania Section, Italy; Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, Italy., Grasso A; Department of Medical Sciences, Surgical and Advanced Technologies 'G.F. Ingrassia', University of Catania, Italy., Fiore M; Department of Medical Sciences, Surgical and Advanced Technologies 'G.F. Ingrassia', University of Catania, Italy; ISDE: International Society of Doctors for Environments - ISDE, Catania Section, Italy., Cavallaro S; CNR-IRIB: National Research Council - Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council, Catania, Italy., Dell'Albani P; CNR-IRIB: National Research Council - Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council, Catania, Italy. Electronic address: paola.dellalbani@cnr.it., Ferrante M; Department of Medical Sciences, Surgical and Advanced Technologies 'G.F. Ingrassia', University of Catania, Italy; ISDE: International Society of Doctors for Environments - ISDE, Catania Section, Italy; NANOMED: Research Center in Nanomedicine and Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Italy.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Environmental research [Environ Res] 2024 Jan 15; Vol. 241, pp. 117575. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Nov 03.
DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117575
Abstrakt: PM 2.5 exposure represents a risk factor for the public health. PM 2.5 is able to cross the blood-alveolar and blood-brain barriers and reach the brain through three routes: nasal olfactory pathway, nose-brain pathway, blood-brain barrier pathway. We evaluated the effect of PM 2.5 to induce cytotoxicity and reduced viability on in vitro cultures of OECs (Olfactory Ensheathing Cells) and SH-SY5Y cells. PM 2.5 samples were collected in the metropolitan area of Catania, and the gravimetric determination of PM 2.5 , characterization of 10 trace elements and 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were carried out for each sample. PM 2.5 extracts were exposed to cultures of OECs and SH-SY5Y cells for 24-48-72 h, and the cell viability assay (MTT) was evaluated. Assessment of mitochondrial and cytoskeleton damage, and the assessment of apoptotic process were performed in the samples that showed lower cell viability. We have found an annual average value of PM 2.5  = 16.9 μg/m 3 and a maximum value of PM 2.5  = 27.6 μg/m 3 during the winter season. PM 2.5 samples collected during the winter season also showed higher concentrations of PAHs and trace elements. The MTT assay showed a reduction in cell viability for both OECs (44%, 62%, 64%) and SH-SY5Y cells (16%, 17%, 28%) after 24-48-72 h of PM 2.5 exposure. Furthermore, samples with lower cell viability showed a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential, increased cytotoxicity, and also impaired cellular integrity and induction of the apoptotic process after increased expression of vimentin and caspase-3 activity, respectively. These events are involved in neurodegenerative processes and could be triggered not only by the concentration and time of exposure to PM 2.5 , but also by the presence of trace elements and PAHs on the PM 2.5 substrate. The identification of more sensitive cell lines could be the key to understanding how exposure to PM 2.5 can contribute to the onset of neurodegenerative processes.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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