Cefoxitin versus carbapenems as definitive treatment for extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteremia in intensive care unit: a propensity-matched retrospective analysis.

Autor: Dequidt T; Infectious Diseases Department, University Hospital of Guadeloupe, Pointe-à-Pitre, France. tanguy.dequidt@gmail.com., Bastian S; Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, University Hospital of Guadeloupe, Pointe-à-Pitre, France.; PCCEI, University of Montpellier, INSERM, EFS, University of Antilles, Pointe-à-Pitre, France., Nacher M; Clinical Investigation Center Antilles French Guiana (CIC INSERM 1424), Cayenne Hospital Center, French Guiana, France., Breurec S; Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, University Hospital of Guadeloupe, Pointe-à-Pitre, France.; PCCEI, University of Montpellier, INSERM, EFS, University of Antilles, Pointe-à-Pitre, France.; Transmission, Reservoir and Diversity of Pathogens Unit, Pasteur Institute of Guadeloupe, Pointe-à-Pitre, France.; Faculty of Medicine Hyacinthe Bastaraud, University of Antilles, Pointe-à-Pitre, France.; Centre for Clinical Investigation 1424, INSERM, Pointe-à-Pitre/Les Abymes, France., Carles M; Infectious Diseases Department, University Hospital of Nice, Nice, France., Thiery G; Medical Intensive Care Unit, Saint-Etienne University Hospital, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France., Camous L; Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Guadeloupe, Pointe-à-Pitre, France., Tressieres B; Centre for Clinical Investigation 1424, INSERM, Pointe-à-Pitre/Les Abymes, France., Valette M; Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Guadeloupe, Pointe-à-Pitre, France., Pommier JD; Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Guadeloupe, Pointe-à-Pitre, France.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Critical care (London, England) [Crit Care] 2023 Nov 01; Vol. 27 (1), pp. 418. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Nov 01.
DOI: 10.1186/s13054-023-04712-2
Abstrakt: Background: Despite cefoxitin's in vitro resistance to hydrolysis by extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL), treatment of ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP) infections with cefoxitin remains controversial. The aim of our study was to compare the clinical efficacy of cefoxitin as definitive antibiotic therapy for patients with ESBL-KP bacteremia in intensive care unit, versus carbapenem therapy.
Methods: This retrospective study included all patients with monomicrobial bacteremia hospitalized in intensive care unit between January 2013 and January 2023 at the University Hospital of Guadeloupe. The primary outcome was the 30-day clinical success defined as a composite endpoint: 30-day survival, absence of relapse and no change of antibiotic therapy. Cox regression including a propensity score (PS) and PS-based matched analysis were performed for endpoint analysis.
Results: A total of 110 patients with bloodstream infections were enrolled. Sixty-three patients (57%) received definitive antibiotic therapy with cefoxitin, while forty-seven (43%) were treated with carbapenems. 30-day clinical success was not significantly different between patients treated with cefoxitin (57%) and carbapenems (53%, p = 0.823). PS-adjusted and PS-matched analysis confirmed these findings. Change of definitive antibiotic therapy was more frequent in the cefoxitin group (17% vs. 0%, p = 0.002). No significant differences were observed for the other secondary endpoints. The acquisition of carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa was significantly higher in patients receiving carbapenem therapy (5% vs. 23%, p = 0.007).
Conclusions: Our results suggest that cefoxitin as definitive antibiotic therapy could be a therapeutic option for some ESBL-KP bacteremia, sparing carbapenems and reducing the selection of carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains.
(© 2023. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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