| Autor: |
Sengprasert P; Panjana Sengprasert, Immunology Division, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand., Kamenkit O; Ousakorn Kamenkit, Medical Microbiology Interdisciplinary Program, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand., Tanavalee A; Aree Tanavalee, Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Biologics for Knee Osteoarthritis Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand., Reantragoon R; Rangsima Reantragoon, Immunology Division, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Immunology and Immune-mediated Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Skeletal Disorders and Enzyme Reaction Mechanism, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand. |
| Abstrakt: |
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a disease in which the pathogenesis affects the joint and its surrounding tissues. Cartilage degeneration is the main hallmark of OA and chondrocytes within the cartilage regulate matrix production and degradation. In OA patients and animal models of OA, the pathology of the disease relates to disequilibrium between anabolic and catabolic states of the cartilage. Moreover, chondrocyte phenotype and function are also immunologically altered. Under inflammatory conditions, chondrocytes increase production levels of inflammatory cytokines and cartilage-degrading enzymes, which further drive cartilage destruction. Chondrocytes also have an innate immune function and respond to DAMPs and cartilage fragments via innate immune receptors. In addition, chondrocytes play a role in adaptive immune responses by acting as antigen presenting cells and presenting cartilaginous antigens to T cells. Indirectly, chondrocytes are stimulated by pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) present in the joints, a result of the microbiota in the host. Chondrocytes have both direct and indirect relationships with immune cells and the immune compartment of OA patients. Therefore, chondrocytes serve as a target for immunotherapeutic approaches in OA. In this narrative review, we cover the aforementioned immune-related aspects of chondrocytes in OA. |
