Investigation of the mechanisms for wireless nerve stimulation without active electrodes.

Autor: Smith LA; School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia., Bem JD; School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia., Lv X; School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia., Lauto A; School of Science, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia., Sliow A; School of Science, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia., Ma Z; School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia., Mahns DA; School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia., Berryman C; School of Biomedicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia., Hutchinson MR; Adelaide Medical School, Institute of Photonics and Advanced Sensing, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia., Fumeaux C; School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia., Tettamanzi GC; Discipline of Materials Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Bioelectromagnetics [Bioelectromagnetics] 2023 Oct-Dec; Vol. 44 (7-8), pp. 181-191. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Nov 01.
DOI: 10.1002/bem.22486
Abstrakt: Electric-field stimulation of neuronal activity can be used to improve the speed of regeneration for severed and damaged nerves. Most techniques, however, require invasive electronic circuitry which can be uncomfortable for the patient and can damage surrounding tissue. A recently suggested technique uses a graft-antenna-a metal ring wrapped around the damaged nerve-powered by an external magnetic stimulation device. This technique requires no electrodes and internal circuitry with leads across the skin boundary or internal power, since all power is provided wirelessly. This paper examines the microscopic basic mechanisms that allow the magnetic stimulation device to cause neural activation via the graft-antenna. A computational model of the system was created and used to find that under magnetic stimulation, diverging electric fields appear at the metal ring's edges. If the magnetic stimulation is sufficient, the gradients of these fields can trigger neural activation in the nerve. In-vivo measurements were also performed on rat sciatic nerves to support the modeling finding that direct contact between the antenna and the nerve ensures neural activation given sufficient magnetic stimulation. Simulations also showed that the presence of a thin gap between the graft-antenna and the nerve does not preclude neural activation but does reduce its efficacy.
(© 2023 The Authors. Bioelectromagnetics published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Bioelectromagnetics Society.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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