Filamentous virus-like particles are present in coral dinoflagellates across genera and ocean basins.

Autor: Howe-Kerr LI; BioSciences Department, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA. lihowekerr@gmail.com., Knochel AM; BioSciences Department, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA.; Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA., Meyer MD; Shared Equipment Authority, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA., Sims JA; BioSciences Department, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA.; Environmental Science and Policy, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA., Karrick CE; BioSciences Department, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA., Grupstra CGB; BioSciences Department, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA.; Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA., Veglia AJ; BioSciences Department, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA.; Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico, Mayagüez, PR, USA., Thurber AR; Department of Microbiology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA.; College of Earth Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA., Vega Thurber RL; Department of Microbiology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA., Correa AMS; BioSciences Department, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA. amsc@berkeley.edu.; Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA. amsc@berkeley.edu.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: The ISME journal [ISME J] 2023 Dec; Vol. 17 (12), pp. 2389-2402. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Nov 01.
DOI: 10.1038/s41396-023-01526-6
Abstrakt: Filamentous viruses are hypothesized to play a role in stony coral tissue loss disease (SCTLD) through infection of the endosymbiotic dinoflagellates (Family Symbiodiniaceae) of corals. To evaluate this hypothesis, it is critical to understand the global distribution of filamentous virus infections across the genetic diversity of Symbiodiniaceae hosts. Using transmission electron microscopy, we demonstrate that filamentous virus-like particles (VLPs) are present in over 60% of Symbiodiniaceae cells (genus Cladocopium) within Pacific corals (Acropora hyacinthus, Porites c.f. lobata); these VLPs are more prevalent in Symbiodiniaceae of in situ colonies experiencing heat stress. Symbiodiniaceae expelled from A. hyacinthus also contain filamentous VLPs, and these cells are more degraded than their in hospite counterparts. Similar to VLPs reported from SCTLD-affected Caribbean reefs, VLPs range from ~150 to 1500 nm in length and 16-37 nm in diameter and appear to constitute various stages in a replication cycle. Finally, we demonstrate that SCTLD-affected corals containing filamentous VLPs are dominated by diverse Symbiodiniaceae lineages from the genera Breviolum, Cladocopium, and Durusdinium. Although this study cannot definitively confirm or refute the role of filamentous VLPs in SCTLD, it demonstrates that filamentous VLPs are not solely observed in SCTLD-affected corals or reef regions, nor are they solely associated with corals dominated by members of a particular Symbiodiniaceae genus. We hypothesize that filamentous viruses are a widespread, common group that infects Symbiodiniaceae. Genomic characterization of these viruses and empirical tests of the impacts of filamentous virus infection on Symbiodiniaceae and coral colonies should be prioritized.
(© 2023. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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