Spatially specific, closed-loop infrared thalamocortical deep brain stimulation.

Autor:	Coventry BS; Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN USA.; Center for Implantable Devices and the Institute for Integrative Neuroscience, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN USA., Lawlor GL; Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN USA.; Center for Implantable Devices and the Institute for Integrative Neuroscience, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN USA., Bagnati CB; Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN USA., Krogmeier C; Department of Computer Graphics Technology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN USA., Bartlett EL; Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN USA.; Center for Implantable Devices and the Institute for Integrative Neuroscience, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN USA.; Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN USA.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	BioRxiv : the preprint server for biology [bioRxiv] 2023 Oct 19. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Oct 19.
DOI:	10.1101/2023.10.04.560859
Abstrakt:	Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a powerful tool for the treatment of circuitopathy-related neurological and psychiatric diseases and disorders such as Parkinson's disease and obsessive-compulsive disorder, as well as a critical research tool for perturbing neural circuits and exploring neuroprostheses. Electrically-mediated DBS, however, is limited by the spread of stimulus currents into tissue unrelated to disease course and treatment, potentially causing undesirable patient side effects. In this work, we utilize infrared neural stimulation (INS), an optical neuromodulation technique that uses near to mid-infrared light to drive graded excitatory and inhibitory responses in nerves and neurons, to facilitate an optical and spatially constrained DBS paradigm. INS has been shown to provide spatially constrained responses in cortical neurons and, unlike other optical techniques, does not require genetic modification of the neural target. We show that INS produces graded, biophysically relevant single-unit responses with robust information transfer in thalamocortical circuits. Importantly, we show that cortical spread of activation from thalamic INS produces more spatially constrained response profiles than conventional electrical stimulation. Owing to observed spatial precision of INS, we used deep reinforcement learning for closed-loop control of thalamocortical circuits, creating real-time representations of stimulus-response dynamics while driving cortical neurons to precise firing patterns. Our data suggest that INS can serve as a targeted and dynamic stimulation paradigm for both open and closed-loop DBS. Competing Interests: Competing Interests: BSC and ELB hold a provisional patent on the SpikerNet closed loop reinforcement learning based neuromodulation system presented (USPTO: 18/083490). GLL, CBB, and CMK declare no competing interests.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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