The prospect of universal coronavirus immunity: characterization of reciprocal and non-reciprocal T cell responses against SARS-CoV2 and common human coronaviruses.

Autor:	Soni MK; Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States., Migliori E; Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States., Fu J; Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States., Assal A; Department of Medicine, Blood and Marrow Transplantation and Cell Therapy Program, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States.; Columbia University Medical Center, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States., Chan HT; Columbia University Medical Center, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States., Pan J; Columbia University Medical Center, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States., Khatiwada P; Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States., Ciubotariu R; Columbia University Medical Center, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States., May MS; Columbia University Medical Center, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States., Pereira MR; Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, United States., De Giorgi V; Department of Transfusion Medicine, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, United States., Sykes M; Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States., Mapara MY; Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States., Muranski PJ; Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Frontiers in immunology [Front Immunol] 2023 Oct 13; Vol. 14, pp. 1212203. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Oct 13 (Print Publication: 2023).
DOI:	10.3389/fimmu.2023.1212203
Abstrakt:	T cell immunity plays a central role in clinical outcomes of Coronavirus Infectious Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and T cell-focused vaccination or cellular immunotherapy might provide enhanced protection for some immunocompromised patients. Pre-existing T cell memory recognizing SARS-CoV-2 antigens antedating COVID-19 infection or vaccination, may have developed as an imprint of prior infections with endemic non-SARS human coronaviruses (hCoVs) OC43, HKU1, 229E, NL63, pathogens of "common cold". In turn, SARS-CoV-2-primed T cells may recognize emerging variants or other hCoV viruses and modulate the course of subsequent hCoV infections. Cross-immunity between hCoVs and SARS-CoV-2 has not been well characterized. Here, we systematically investigated T cell responses against the immunodominant SARS-CoV-2 spike, nucleocapsid and membrane proteins and corresponding antigens from α- and β-hCoVs among vaccinated, convalescent, and unexposed subjects. Broad T cell immunity against all tested SARS-CoV-2 antigens emerged in COVID-19 survivors. In convalescent and in vaccinated individuals, SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific T cells reliably recognized most SARS-CoV-2 variants, however cross-reactivity against the omicron variant was reduced by approximately 47%. Responses against spike, nucleocapsid and membrane antigens from endemic hCoVs were significantly more extensive in COVID-19 survivors than in unexposed subjects and displayed cross-reactivity between α- and β-hCoVs. In some, non-SARS hCoV-specific T cells demonstrated a prominent non-reciprocal cross-reactivity with SARS-CoV-2 antigens, whereas a distinct anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunological repertoire emerged post-COVID-19, with relatively limited cross-recognition of non-SARS hCoVs. Based on this cross-reactivity pattern, we established a strategy for in-vitro expansion of universal anti-hCoV T cells for adoptive immunotherapy. Overall, these results have implications for the future design of universal vaccines and cell-based immune therapies against SARS- and non-SARS-CoVs. Competing Interests: JF serves as a Scientific Consultant for Adaptive Biotechnologies since June 2022. MP is a consultant for Takeda, Clirnet and Rebiotix. AA receives research funding from Incyte Corporation and consulting fees from Guidepoint Inc. and Alphasights. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. (Copyright © 2023 Soni, Migliori, Fu, Assal, Chan, Pan, Khatiwada, Ciubotariu, May, Pereira, De Giorgi, Sykes, Mapara and Muranski.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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