| Autor: |
Pochtovyi AA; Federal State Budget Institution 'National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya' of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 123098 Moscow, Russia.; Department of Virology, Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia., Kustova DD; Federal State Budget Institution 'National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya' of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 123098 Moscow, Russia.; Department of Virology, Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia., Siniavin AE; Federal State Budget Institution 'National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya' of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 123098 Moscow, Russia.; Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia., Dolzhikova IV; Federal State Budget Institution 'National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya' of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 123098 Moscow, Russia., Shidlovskaya EV; Federal State Budget Institution 'National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya' of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 123098 Moscow, Russia., Shpakova OG; Moscow Healthcare Department, 127006 Moscow, Russia., Vasilchenko LA; Federal State Budget Institution 'National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya' of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 123098 Moscow, Russia., Glavatskaya AA; Federal State Budget Institution 'National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya' of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 123098 Moscow, Russia., Kuznetsova NA; Federal State Budget Institution 'National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya' of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 123098 Moscow, Russia., Iliukhina AA; Federal State Budget Institution 'National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya' of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 123098 Moscow, Russia., Shelkov AY; Federal State Budget Institution 'National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya' of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 123098 Moscow, Russia., Grinkevich OM; Federal State Budget Institution 'National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya' of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 123098 Moscow, Russia., Komarov AG; Moscow Healthcare Department, 127006 Moscow, Russia., Logunov DY; Federal State Budget Institution 'National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya' of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 123098 Moscow, Russia., Gushchin VA; Federal State Budget Institution 'National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya' of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 123098 Moscow, Russia.; Department of Virology, Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia., Gintsburg AL; Federal State Budget Institution 'National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya' of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 123098 Moscow, Russia.; Department of Infectiology and Virology, Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov, First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), 119435 Moscow, Russia. |
| Abstrakt: |
The spread of COVID-19 continues, expressed by periodic wave-like increases in morbidity and mortality. The reason for the periodic increases in morbidity is the emergence and spread of novel genetic variants of SARS-CoV-2. A decrease in the efficacy of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) has been reported, especially against Omicron subvariants. There have been reports of a decrease in the efficacy of specific antiviral drugs as a result of mutations in the genes of non-structural proteins. This indicates the urgent need for practical healthcare to constantly monitor pathogen variability and its effect on the efficacy of preventive and therapeutic drugs. As part of this study, we report the results of the continuous monitoring of COVID-19 in Moscow using genetic and virological methods. As a result of this monitoring, we determined the dominant genetic variants and identified the variants that are most widespread, not only in Moscow, but also in other countries. A collection of viruses from more than 500 SARS-CoV-2 isolates has been obtained and characterized. The genetic lines XBB.1.9.1, XBB.1.9.3, XBB.1.5, XBB.1.16, XBB.2.4, BQ.1.1.45, CH.1.1, and CL.1, representing the greatest concern, were identified among the dominant variants. We studied the in vitro efficacy of mAbs Tixagevimab + Cilgavimab (Evusheld), Sotrovimab, Regdanvimab, Casirivimab + Imdevimab (Ronapreve), and Bebtelovimab, as well as the specific antiviral drugs Remdesivir, Molnupiravir, and Nirmatrelvir, against these genetic lines. At the current stage of the COVID-19 pandemic, the use of mAbs developed against early SARS-CoV-2 variants has little prospect. Specific antiviral drugs retain their activity, but further monitoring is needed to assess the risk of their efficacy being reduced and adjust recommendations for their use. |
