Evidence for a role of Anopheles stephensi in the spread of drug- and diagnosis-resistant malaria in Africa.

Autor: Emiru T; Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia., Getachew D; Adama Science and Technology University, Adama, Ethiopia., Murphy M; EPPIcenter program, Division of HIV, ID and Global Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA., Sedda L; Lancaster Ecology and Epidemiology Group, Lancaster Medical School, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK., Ejigu LA; Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia., Bulto MG; Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia., Byrne I; London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK., Demisse M; Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia., Abdo M; Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia., Chali W; Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.; Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands., Elliott A; EPPIcenter program, Division of HIV, ID and Global Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA., Vickers EN; EPPIcenter program, Division of HIV, ID and Global Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA., Aranda-Díaz A; EPPIcenter program, Division of HIV, ID and Global Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA., Alemayehu L; Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia., Behaksera SW; Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia., Jebessa G; Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia., Dinka H; Adama Science and Technology University, Adama, Ethiopia., Tsegaye T; Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia., Teka H; U.S. President's Malaria Initiative, USAID, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia., Chibsa S; U.S. President's Malaria Initiative, USAID, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia., Mumba P; U.S. President's Malaria Initiative, USAID, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia., Girma S; U.S. President's Malaria Initiative, USAID, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia., Hwang J; U.S. President's Malaria Initiative, Malaria Branch, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA., Yoshimizu M; U.S. President's Malaria Initiative, USAID, Washington DC, DC, USA., Sutcliffe A; U.S. President's Malaria Initiative, Entomology Branch, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA., Taffese HS; Federal Ministry of Health, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia., Bayissa GA; Federal Ministry of Health, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia., Zohdy S; U.S. President's Malaria Initiative, Entomology Branch, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA., Tongren JE; U.S. President's Malaria Initiative, Malaria Branch, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA., Drakeley C; London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK., Greenhouse B; EPPIcenter program, Division of HIV, ID and Global Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA., Bousema T; Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands., Tadesse FG; Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. fitsum.girma@ahri.gov.et.; London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK. fitsum.girma@ahri.gov.et.; Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands. fitsum.girma@ahri.gov.et.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Nature medicine [Nat Med] 2023 Dec; Vol. 29 (12), pp. 3203-3211. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Oct 26.
DOI: 10.1038/s41591-023-02641-9
Abstrakt: Anopheles stephensi, an Asian malaria vector, continues to expand across Africa. The vector is now firmly established in urban settings in the Horn of Africa. Its presence in areas where malaria resurged suggested a possible role in causing malaria outbreaks. Here, using a prospective case-control design, we investigated the role of An. stephensi in transmission following a malaria outbreak in Dire Dawa, Ethiopia in April-July 2022. Screening contacts of patients with malaria and febrile controls revealed spatial clustering of Plasmodium falciparum infections around patients with malaria in strong association with the presence of An. stephensi in the household vicinity. Plasmodium sporozoites were detected in these mosquitoes. This outbreak involved clonal propagation of parasites with molecular signatures of artemisinin and diagnostic resistance. To our knowledge, this study provides the strongest evidence so far for a role of An. stephensi in driving an urban malaria outbreak in Africa, highlighting the major public health threat posed by this fast-spreading mosquito.
(© 2023. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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