Academic Rank Disparities in Minoritized and Racialized Physician Assistant Educators.

Autor:	Ryujin D; Darin Ryujin, MS, MPAS, PA-C , is an associate professor and Vice Chair for Equity and Inclusive Culture, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah.; Jennifer Coombs, PA-C, MPAS, PhD , is a professor and Director of Graduate Studies, Division of Physician Assistant Studies, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah.; Daytheon Sturges, PhD, MPAS, PA-C, DFAAPA, MCHES , is an associate professor of Family Medicine, Vice Chair of Justice, Equity, Diversity and Inclusion, and Associate Program Director, Department of Family Medicine, University of Washington, MEDEX Northwest, Seattle, Washington.; Shahpar Najmabadi, PhD, MPH, MS , is a research assistant professor, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah.; José E. Rodríguez, MD, FAAFP, is a professor and Associate Vice President for Health Equity, Diversity and Inclusion, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, Utah.; Maria Maldonado, MPH, MPAP, PA-C , is a clinical assistant professor of Family Medicine, Director of the University of Southern California PA Pathways Program, Division of Physician Assistant Studies, Primary Care Physician Assistant Program, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.; Rayne Loder, MHS, PA-C , is a clinical associate professor, Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine Physician Assistant Program, Boston, Massachusetts.; Menerva Yole-Lobe, MPAS, PA-C , is a clinical assistant professor, co-director of Inclusion and Diversity, Utah Physician Assistant Program, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah.; Carolyn Bradley-Guidry, DrPH, MPAS, PA-C, CPH , is an associate professor, Associate Dean for Student Affairs and Engagement, Department of Physician Assistant Studies UT Southwestern Medical Center, School of Health Professions, Dallas, Texas., Coombs J; Darin Ryujin, MS, MPAS, PA-C , is an associate professor and Vice Chair for Equity and Inclusive Culture, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah.; Jennifer Coombs, PA-C, MPAS, PhD , is a professor and Director of Graduate Studies, Division of Physician Assistant Studies, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah.; Daytheon Sturges, PhD, MPAS, PA-C, DFAAPA, MCHES , is an associate professor of Family Medicine, Vice Chair of Justice, Equity, Diversity and Inclusion, and Associate Program Director, Department of Family Medicine, University of Washington, MEDEX Northwest, Seattle, Washington.; Shahpar Najmabadi, PhD, MPH, MS , is a research assistant professor, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah.; José E. Rodríguez, MD, FAAFP, is a professor and Associate Vice President for Health Equity, Diversity and Inclusion, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, Utah.; Maria Maldonado, MPH, MPAP, PA-C , is a clinical assistant professor of Family Medicine, Director of the University of Southern California PA Pathways Program, Division of Physician Assistant Studies, Primary Care Physician Assistant Program, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.; Rayne Loder, MHS, PA-C , is a clinical associate professor, Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine Physician Assistant Program, Boston, Massachusetts.; Menerva Yole-Lobe, MPAS, PA-C , is a clinical assistant professor, co-director of Inclusion and Diversity, Utah Physician Assistant Program, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah.; Carolyn Bradley-Guidry, DrPH, MPAS, PA-C, CPH , is an associate professor, Associate Dean for Student Affairs and Engagement, Department of Physician Assistant Studies UT Southwestern Medical Center, School of Health Professions, Dallas, Texas., Sturges D; Darin Ryujin, MS, MPAS, PA-C , is an associate professor and Vice Chair for Equity and Inclusive Culture, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah.; Jennifer Coombs, PA-C, MPAS, PhD , is a professor and Director of Graduate Studies, Division of Physician Assistant Studies, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah.; Daytheon Sturges, PhD, MPAS, PA-C, DFAAPA, MCHES , is an associate professor of Family Medicine, Vice Chair of Justice, Equity, Diversity and Inclusion, and Associate Program Director, Department of Family Medicine, University of Washington, MEDEX Northwest, Seattle, Washington.; Shahpar Najmabadi, PhD, MPH, MS , is a research assistant professor, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah.; José E. Rodríguez, MD, FAAFP, is a professor and Associate Vice President for Health Equity, Diversity and Inclusion, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, Utah.; Maria Maldonado, MPH, MPAP, PA-C , is a clinical assistant professor of Family Medicine, Director of the University of Southern California PA Pathways Program, Division of Physician Assistant Studies, Primary Care Physician Assistant Program, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.; Rayne Loder, MHS, PA-C , is a clinical associate professor, Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine Physician Assistant Program, Boston, Massachusetts.; Menerva Yole-Lobe, MPAS, PA-C , is a clinical assistant professor, co-director of Inclusion and Diversity, Utah Physician Assistant Program, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah.; Carolyn Bradley-Guidry, DrPH, MPAS, PA-C, CPH , is an associate professor, Associate Dean for Student Affairs and Engagement, Department of Physician Assistant Studies UT Southwestern Medical Center, School of Health Professions, Dallas, Texas., Najmabadi S; Darin Ryujin, MS, MPAS, PA-C , is an associate professor and Vice Chair for Equity and Inclusive Culture, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah.; Jennifer Coombs, PA-C, MPAS, PhD , is a professor and Director of Graduate Studies, Division of Physician Assistant Studies, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah.; Daytheon Sturges, PhD, MPAS, PA-C, DFAAPA, MCHES , is an associate professor of Family Medicine, Vice Chair of Justice, Equity, Diversity and Inclusion, and Associate Program Director, Department of Family Medicine, University of Washington, MEDEX Northwest, Seattle, Washington.; Shahpar Najmabadi, PhD, MPH, MS , is a research assistant professor, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah.; José E. Rodríguez, MD, FAAFP, is a professor and Associate Vice President for Health Equity, Diversity and Inclusion, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, Utah.; Maria Maldonado, MPH, MPAP, PA-C , is a clinical assistant professor of Family Medicine, Director of the University of Southern California PA Pathways Program, Division of Physician Assistant Studies, Primary Care Physician Assistant Program, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.; Rayne Loder, MHS, PA-C , is a clinical associate professor, Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine Physician Assistant Program, Boston, Massachusetts.; Menerva Yole-Lobe, MPAS, PA-C , is a clinical assistant professor, co-director of Inclusion and Diversity, Utah Physician Assistant Program, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah.; Carolyn Bradley-Guidry, DrPH, MPAS, PA-C, CPH , is an associate professor, Associate Dean for Student Affairs and Engagement, Department of Physician Assistant Studies UT Southwestern Medical Center, School of Health Professions, Dallas, Texas., Rodríguez JE; Darin Ryujin, MS, MPAS, PA-C , is an associate professor and Vice Chair for Equity and Inclusive Culture, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah.; Jennifer Coombs, PA-C, MPAS, PhD , is a professor and Director of Graduate Studies, Division of Physician Assistant Studies, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah.; Daytheon Sturges, PhD, MPAS, PA-C, DFAAPA, MCHES , is an associate professor of Family Medicine, Vice Chair of Justice, Equity, Diversity and Inclusion, and Associate Program Director, Department of Family Medicine, University of Washington, MEDEX Northwest, Seattle, Washington.; Shahpar Najmabadi, PhD, MPH, MS , is a research assistant professor, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah.; José E. Rodríguez, MD, FAAFP, is a professor and Associate Vice President for Health Equity, Diversity and Inclusion, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, Utah.; Maria Maldonado, MPH, MPAP, PA-C , is a clinical assistant professor of Family Medicine, Director of the University of Southern California PA Pathways Program, Division of Physician Assistant Studies, Primary Care Physician Assistant Program, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.; Rayne Loder, MHS, PA-C , is a clinical associate professor, Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine Physician Assistant Program, Boston, Massachusetts.; Menerva Yole-Lobe, MPAS, PA-C , is a clinical assistant professor, co-director of Inclusion and Diversity, Utah Physician Assistant Program, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah.; Carolyn Bradley-Guidry, DrPH, MPAS, PA-C, CPH , is an associate professor, Associate Dean for Student Affairs and Engagement, Department of Physician Assistant Studies UT Southwestern Medical Center, School of Health Professions, Dallas, Texas., Maldonado M; Darin Ryujin, MS, MPAS, PA-C , is an associate professor and Vice Chair for Equity and Inclusive Culture, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah.; Jennifer Coombs, PA-C, MPAS, PhD , is a professor and Director of Graduate Studies, Division of Physician Assistant Studies, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah.; Daytheon Sturges, PhD, MPAS, PA-C, DFAAPA, MCHES , is an associate professor of Family Medicine, Vice Chair of Justice, Equity, Diversity and Inclusion, and Associate Program Director, Department of Family Medicine, University of Washington, MEDEX Northwest, Seattle, Washington.; Shahpar Najmabadi, PhD, MPH, MS , is a research assistant professor, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah.; José E. Rodríguez, MD, FAAFP, is a professor and Associate Vice President for Health Equity, Diversity and Inclusion, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, Utah.; Maria Maldonado, MPH, MPAP, PA-C , is a clinical assistant professor of Family Medicine, Director of the University of Southern California PA Pathways Program, Division of Physician Assistant Studies, Primary Care Physician Assistant Program, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.; Rayne Loder, MHS, PA-C , is a clinical associate professor, Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine Physician Assistant Program, Boston, Massachusetts.; Menerva Yole-Lobe, MPAS, PA-C , is a clinical assistant professor, co-director of Inclusion and Diversity, Utah Physician Assistant Program, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah.; Carolyn Bradley-Guidry, DrPH, MPAS, PA-C, CPH , is an associate professor, Associate Dean for Student Affairs and Engagement, Department of Physician Assistant Studies UT Southwestern Medical Center, School of Health Professions, Dallas, Texas., Loder R; Darin Ryujin, MS, MPAS, PA-C , is an associate professor and Vice Chair for Equity and Inclusive Culture, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah.; Jennifer Coombs, PA-C, MPAS, PhD , is a professor and Director of Graduate Studies, Division of Physician Assistant Studies, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah.; Daytheon Sturges, PhD, MPAS, PA-C, DFAAPA, MCHES , is an associate professor of Family Medicine, Vice Chair of Justice, Equity, Diversity and Inclusion, and Associate Program Director, Department of Family Medicine, University of Washington, MEDEX Northwest, Seattle, Washington.; Shahpar Najmabadi, PhD, MPH, MS , is a research assistant professor, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah.; José E. Rodríguez, MD, FAAFP, is a professor and Associate Vice President for Health Equity, Diversity and Inclusion, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, Utah.; Maria Maldonado, MPH, MPAP, PA-C , is a clinical assistant professor of Family Medicine, Director of the University of Southern California PA Pathways Program, Division of Physician Assistant Studies, Primary Care Physician Assistant Program, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.; Rayne Loder, MHS, PA-C , is a clinical associate professor, Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine Physician Assistant Program, Boston, Massachusetts.; Menerva Yole-Lobe, MPAS, PA-C , is a clinical assistant professor, co-director of Inclusion and Diversity, Utah Physician Assistant Program, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah.; Carolyn Bradley-Guidry, DrPH, MPAS, PA-C, CPH , is an associate professor, Associate Dean for Student Affairs and Engagement, Department of Physician Assistant Studies UT Southwestern Medical Center, School of Health Professions, Dallas, Texas., Yole-Lobe M; Darin Ryujin, MS, MPAS, PA-C , is an associate professor and Vice Chair for Equity and Inclusive Culture, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah.; Jennifer Coombs, PA-C, MPAS, PhD , is a professor and Director of Graduate Studies, Division of Physician Assistant Studies, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah.; Daytheon Sturges, PhD, MPAS, PA-C, DFAAPA, MCHES , is an associate professor of Family Medicine, Vice Chair of Justice, Equity, Diversity and Inclusion, and Associate Program Director, Department of Family Medicine, University of Washington, MEDEX Northwest, Seattle, Washington.; Shahpar Najmabadi, PhD, MPH, MS , is a research assistant professor, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah.; José E. Rodríguez, MD, FAAFP, is a professor and Associate Vice President for Health Equity, Diversity and Inclusion, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, Utah.; Maria Maldonado, MPH, MPAP, PA-C , is a clinical assistant professor of Family Medicine, Director of the University of Southern California PA Pathways Program, Division of Physician Assistant Studies, Primary Care Physician Assistant Program, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.; Rayne Loder, MHS, PA-C , is a clinical associate professor, Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine Physician Assistant Program, Boston, Massachusetts.; Menerva Yole-Lobe, MPAS, PA-C , is a clinical assistant professor, co-director of Inclusion and Diversity, Utah Physician Assistant Program, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah.; Carolyn Bradley-Guidry, DrPH, MPAS, PA-C, CPH , is an associate professor, Associate Dean for Student Affairs and Engagement, Department of Physician Assistant Studies UT Southwestern Medical Center, School of Health Professions, Dallas, Texas., Bradley-Guidry C; Darin Ryujin, MS, MPAS, PA-C , is an associate professor and Vice Chair for Equity and Inclusive Culture, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah.; Jennifer Coombs, PA-C, MPAS, PhD , is a professor and Director of Graduate Studies, Division of Physician Assistant Studies, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah.; Daytheon Sturges, PhD, MPAS, PA-C, DFAAPA, MCHES , is an associate professor of Family Medicine, Vice Chair of Justice, Equity, Diversity and Inclusion, and Associate Program Director, Department of Family Medicine, University of Washington, MEDEX Northwest, Seattle, Washington.; Shahpar Najmabadi, PhD, MPH, MS , is a research assistant professor, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah.; José E. Rodríguez, MD, FAAFP, is a professor and Associate Vice President for Health Equity, Diversity and Inclusion, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, Utah.; Maria Maldonado, MPH, MPAP, PA-C , is a clinical assistant professor of Family Medicine, Director of the University of Southern California PA Pathways Program, Division of Physician Assistant Studies, Primary Care Physician Assistant Program, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.; Rayne Loder, MHS, PA-C , is a clinical associate professor, Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine Physician Assistant Program, Boston, Massachusetts.; Menerva Yole-Lobe, MPAS, PA-C , is a clinical assistant professor, co-director of Inclusion and Diversity, Utah Physician Assistant Program, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah.; Carolyn Bradley-Guidry, DrPH, MPAS, PA-C, CPH , is an associate professor, Associate Dean for Student Affairs and Engagement, Department of Physician Assistant Studies UT Southwestern Medical Center, School of Health Professions, Dallas, Texas.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	The journal of physician assistant education : the official journal of the Physician Assistant Education Association [J Physician Assist Educ] 2024 Mar 01; Vol. 35 (1), pp. 32-39. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Oct 24.
DOI:	10.1097/JPA.0000000000000561
Abstrakt:	Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the disparities in career progression and the need for inclusive mentorship in the physician assistant (PA) profession, specifically focusing on racial/ethnic minority faculty. Methods: Pooled data from the Physician Assistant Education Association Program Survey in 2015, 2017, and 2019 were analyzed to examine the effect of PA faculty race/ethnicity on academic rank promotion. Logistic regression models were used to assess the association between faculty race/ethnicity and the likelihood of being in a middle/late-career (associate/professor) or early-career status (instructor/assistant), adjusting for confounding factors. Results: The analysis revealed significant disparities in career progression, particularly for Black/African American and Hispanic faculty members, who were 44% less likely to be in late-career positions compared with White faculty. These disparities persisted even after accounting for gender, highest degree, region, and years in rank. The slower career progression experienced by minoritized faculty can have negative impacts, such as lower salaries, impostorism, reduced social capital, isolation, marginalization, burnout, and attrition. Conclusion: The findings highlight the urgent need for increased efforts to promote diversity and inclusion in the PA profession. Creating a more equitable academic environment requires addressing systemic biases, implementing inclusive mentorship initiatives, and promoting diversity in hiring and promotion decisions. By prioritizing equity, diversity, and inclusion, the PA profession can foster a more diverse, innovative, and satisfied workforce while reducing turnover. Continued research and evidence-based strategies are essential to effectively address these disparities and create a more inclusive and equitable environment in the PA profession. Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest. (Copyright © 2023 PA Education Association.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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