A Rare Case of Achalasia Sigmoid Esophagus Obstructed by Food Bolus.

Autor:	Vallejo C; Internal Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, USA., Gheit Y; Internal Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, USA., Nagi TK; Internal Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, USA., Suarez ZK; Internal Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, USA., Haider MA; Internal Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, USA.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Cureus [Cureus] 2023 Sep 19; Vol. 15 (9), pp. e45567. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Sep 19 (Print Publication: 2023).
DOI:	10.7759/cureus.45567
Abstrakt:	Achalasia is a primary esophageal motility disorder that involves a failure of the lower esophageal sphincter to relax in response to swallowing. Specifically, the lower esophageal sphincter becomes hypertensive, and there is an absence of peristalsis in the esophagus. The pathophysiology is thought to be due to a loss of inhibitory nerve function from an autoimmune attack that targets the esophageal myenteric nerves. As a result, these abnormalities lead to a functional obstruction at the gastroesophageal junction. In severe cases, achalasia may present as a "sigmoid esophagus," a term used to describe the dilation and distortion of the cervical esophagus. In this case report, we discuss a patient with a known history of achalasia who presented with extra-esophageal symptoms including respiratory distress and tracheal compression from an esophagus dilated with a food impaction. She was found to have a sigmoid esophagus and required direct endoscopy and removal of the food bolus. We will review the pathogenesis of achalasia as well as medical and surgical approaches to treating severe achalasia as presented through other case reports. Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. (Copyright © 2023, Vallejo et al.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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