The effect of the urban exposome on COVID-19 health outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Autor: Houweling L; Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Dept. of Pulmonary Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Electronic address: l.houweling@uu.nl., Maitland-Van der Zee AH; Dept. of Pulmonary Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam, the Netherlands., Holtjer JCS; Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands., Bazdar S; Dept. of Pulmonary Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam, the Netherlands., Vermeulen RCH; Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands., Downward GS; Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands., Bloemsma LD; Dept. of Pulmonary Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Environmental research [Environ Res] 2024 Jan 01; Vol. 240 (Pt 2), pp. 117351. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Oct 17.
DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117351
Abstrakt: Background: The global severity of SARS-CoV-2 illness has been associated with various urban characteristics, including exposure to ambient air pollutants. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to synthesize findings from ecological and non-ecological studies to investigate the impact of multiple urban-related features on a variety of COVID-19 health outcomes.
Methods: On December 5, 2022, PubMed was searched to identify all types of observational studies that examined one or more urban exposome characteristics in relation to various COVID-19 health outcomes such as infection severity, the need for hospitalization, ICU admission, COVID pneumonia, and mortality.
Results: A total of 38 non-ecological and 241 ecological studies were included in this review. Non-ecological studies highlighted the significant effects of population density, urbanization, and exposure to ambient air pollutants, particularly PM 2.5 . The meta-analyses revealed that a 1 μg/m 3 increase in PM 2.5 was associated with a higher likelihood of COVID-19 hospitalization (pooled OR 1.08 (95% CI:1.02-1.14)) and death (pooled OR 1.06 (95% CI:1.03-1.09)). Ecological studies, in addition to confirming the findings of non-ecological studies, also indicated that higher exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), ozone (O 3 ), sulphur dioxide (SO 2 ), and carbon monoxide (CO), as well as lower ambient temperature, humidity, ultraviolet (UV) radiation, and less green and blue space exposure, were associated with increased COVID-19 morbidity and mortality.
Conclusion: This systematic review has identified several key vulnerability features related to urban areas in the context of the recent COVID-19 pandemic. The findings underscore the importance of improving policies related to urban exposures and implementing measures to protect individuals from these harmful environmental stressors.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests:Anke-Hilse Maitland-Van der Zee reports financial support was provided by Partners in the Precision Medicine for more Oxygen (P4O2) consortium. George S. Downward reports financial support was provided by Partners in the Precision Medicine for more Oxygen (P4O2) consortium. Lizan D. Bloemsma reports financial support was provided by Partners in the Precision Medicine for more Oxygen (P4O2) consortium. Prof. Dr. Anke-Hilse Maitland-Van der Zee received the following grants (money paid to institution): ZonMW grant Long Covid - Stichting TAAI research grant CF - EUROSTARS research grant COPDetect - Unrestricted research grant Boehringer Ingelheim - Vertex Innovation Award (unrestricted research grant) - Dutch Lung Foundation grant - Stichting Astma Bestrijding grant - Innovative Medicine Initiative (IMI) 3 TR research grant George S. Downward recieved the following grants (money paid to institution): Eindhoven, Wageningen, Utrecht, UMC Utrecht Alliance (EWUU) Interdisciplinary Teaching Grant National Institutes of Health (NIH) grant on “Relative and Absolute Risk for site-Specific Cancer Mortality attributed to Household Air Pollution” NUFFIC Capacity Building Education Grant
(Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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