Preexisting helminth challenge exacerbates infection and reactivation of gammaherpesvirus in tissue resident macrophages.

Autor: Zarek CM; Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America., Dende C; Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America., Coronado J; Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America., Pendse M; Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America., Dryden P; Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America., Hooper LV; Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America.; Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America.; The Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America., Reese TA; Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America.; Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: PLoS pathogens [PLoS Pathog] 2023 Oct 17; Vol. 19 (10), pp. e1011691. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Oct 17 (Print Publication: 2023).
DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011691
Abstrakt: Even though gammaherpesvirus and parasitic infections are endemic in parts of the world, there is a lack of understanding about the outcome of coinfection. In humans, coinfections usually occur sequentially, with fluctuating order and timing in different hosts. However, experimental studies in mice generally do not address the variables of order and timing of coinfections. We sought to examine the variable of coinfection order in a system of gammaherpesvirus-helminth coinfection. Our previous work demonstrated that infection with the intestinal parasite, Heligmosomoides polygyrus, induced transient reactivation from latency of murine gammaherpesvirus-68 (MHV68). In this report, we reverse the order of coinfection, infecting with H. polygyrus first, followed by MHV68, and examined the effects of preexisting parasite infection on MHV68 acute and latent infection. We found that preexisting parasite infection increased the propensity of MHV68 to reactivate from latency. However, when we examined the mechanism for reactivation, we found that preexisting parasite infection increased the ability of MHV68 to reactivate in a vitamin A dependent manner, a distinct mechanism to what we found previously with parasite-induced reactivation after latency establishment. We determined that H. polygyrus infection increased both acute and latent MHV68 infection in a population of tissue resident macrophages, called large peritoneal macrophages. We demonstrate that this population of macrophages and vitamin A are required for increased acute and latent infection during parasite coinfection.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
(Copyright: © 2023 Zarek et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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