Implementation of policy and management interventions to improve health and care workforce capacity to address the COVID-19 pandemic response: a systematic review.

Autor: Cavalcante de Oliveira AP; Instituto de Medicina Social, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rua São Francisco Xavier 524-7º andar, Blocos D e E-Maracanã, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20550-013, Brazil. apco.hrh@gmail.com., Galante ML; Instituto de Medicina Social, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rua São Francisco Xavier 524-7º andar, Blocos D e E-Maracanã, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20550-013, Brazil., Maia LS; Instituto de Medicina Social, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rua São Francisco Xavier 524-7º andar, Blocos D e E-Maracanã, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20550-013, Brazil., Craveiro I; Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, NOVA University of Lisbon, Rua da Junqueira, 100, 1349-008, Lisbon, Portugal., da Silva AP; Instituto de Medicina Social, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rua São Francisco Xavier 524-7º andar, Blocos D e E-Maracanã, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20550-013, Brazil., Fronteira I; Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, NOVA University of Lisbon, Rua da Junqueira, 100, 1349-008, Lisbon, Portugal.; National School of Public Health, Public Health Research Centre, Comprehensive Health Research Center, NOVA University of Lisbon, Avenida Padre Cruz, 1600-560, Lisbon, Portugal., Chança R; Instituto Nacional de Cancer, Ministério da Saúde, Rua Marquês de Pombal, 125, Centro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20230240, Brazil., Cometto G; Health Workforce Department, World Health Organization, Av. Appia 20, 1202, Geneva, Switzerland., Ferrinho P; Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, NOVA University of Lisbon, Rua da Junqueira, 100, 1349-008, Lisbon, Portugal., Dal Poz M; Instituto de Medicina Social, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rua São Francisco Xavier 524-7º andar, Blocos D e E-Maracanã, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20550-013, Brazil.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Human resources for health [Hum Resour Health] 2023 Oct 10; Vol. 21 (1), pp. 80. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Oct 10.
DOI: 10.1186/s12960-023-00856-y
Abstrakt: Background: The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted pre-existing weaknesses in health and care systems and services and shortages of health and care workers (HCWs). As a result, policymakers needed to adopt measures to improve the health and care workforce (HCWF) capacity. This review aims to identify countries' range of policies and management interventions implemented to improve HCWs' capacity to address the COVID-19 pandemic response, synthesize their evidence on effectiveness, and identify gaps in the evidence.
Methods: The literature was searched in PubMed, Embase, Scopus, LILACS-BVS, WHO's COVID-19 Research Database and the ILO, OECD and HSRM websites for literature and documents published between January 2020 and March 2022. Eligibility criteria were HCWs as participants and policy and management interventions aiming to improve HCWF capacity to address the COVID-19 pandemic response. Risk of bias was assessed with Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Tools (CAT) and certainty of the evidence in presented outcomes with GRADE.
Results: The searches retrieved 3378 documents. A total of 69 were included, but only 8 presented outcomes of interventions implemented. Most of the selected documents described at least one intervention implemented by countries at the organizational environment level to increase the flexibility and capacity of the HCWF to respond to the pandemic, followed by interventions to attract and retain HCWs in safe and decent working environments. There was a lack of studies addressing social protection, human resources for health information systems, and regarding the role of community health workers and other community-based providers. Regarding the risk of bias, most of documents were rated as medium or high quality (JBI's CAT), while the evidence presented for the outcomes of interventions was classified as mostly low-certainty evidence (GRADE).
Conclusions: Countries have implemented various interventions, some innovative, in response to the pandemic, and others had their processes started earlier and accelerated by the pandemic. The evidence regarding the impact and efficacy of the strategies used by countries during the pandemic still requires further research.
(© 2023. BioMed Central Ltd., part of Springer Nature.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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