Respiratory virus surveillance in hospitalized children less than two-years of age in Kenema, Sierra Leone during the COVID-19 pandemic (October 2020- October 2021).

Autor: Samuels RJ; Kenema Government Hospital, Ministry of Health and Sanitation, Kenema, Sierra Leone., Sumah I; Kenema Government Hospital, Ministry of Health and Sanitation, Kenema, Sierra Leone., Alhasan F; Kenema Government Hospital, Ministry of Health and Sanitation, Kenema, Sierra Leone., McHenry R; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America., Short L; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America., Chappell JD; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America., Haddadin Z; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America., Halasa NB; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America., Valério ID; Vanderbilt Institute for Global Health, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America., Amorim G; Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America., Grant DS; Kenema Government Hospital, Ministry of Health and Sanitation, Kenema, Sierra Leone.; College of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, University of Sierra Leone, Freetown, Sierra Leone., Schieffelin JS; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America., Moon TD; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America.; Vanderbilt Institute for Global Health, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America.; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America.; Department of Tropical Medicine, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: PloS one [PLoS One] 2023 Oct 10; Vol. 18 (10), pp. e0292652. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Oct 10 (Print Publication: 2023).
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292652
Abstrakt: Globally, viral pathogens are the leading cause of acute respiratory infection in children under-five years. We aim to describe the epidemiology of viral respiratory pathogens in hospitalized children under-two years of age in Eastern Province of Sierra Leone, during the second year of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. We conducted a prospective study of children hospitalized with respiratory symptoms between October 2020 and October 2021. We collected demographic and clinical characteristics and calculated each participant´s respiratory symptom severity. Nose and throat swabs were collected at enrollment. Total nucleic acid was purified and tested for multiple respiratory viruses. Statistical analysis was performed using R version 4.2.0 software. 502 children less than two-years of age were enrolled. 376 (74.9%) had at least one respiratory virus detected. The most common viruses isolated were HRV/EV (28.2%), RSV (19.5%) and PIV (13.1%). Influenza and SARS-CoV-2 were identified in only 9.2% and 3.9% of children, respectively. Viral co-detection was common. Human metapneumovirus and RSV had more than two-fold higher odds of requiring O2 therapy while hospitalized. Viral pathogen prevalence was high (74.9%) in our study population. Despite this, 100% of children received antibiotics, underscoring a need to expand laboratory diagnostic capacity and to revisit clinical guidelines implementation in these children. Continuous surveillance and serologic studies among more diverse age groups, with greater geographic breadth, are needed in Sierra Leone to better characterize the long-term impact of COVID-19 on respiratory virus prevalence and to better characterize the seasonality of respiratory viruses in Sierra Leone.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
(Copyright: © 2023 Samuels et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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