Subjective, behavioral and neurobiological effects of cannabis and cannabinoids in social anxiety.

Autor:	Rosário BDA; Departamento de Biociências, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, São Paulo, Brasil., Lemes JA; Departamento de Biociências, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, São Paulo, Brasil., de Lima MP; Departamento de Biociências, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, São Paulo, Brasil., Ribeiro DA; Departamento de Biociências, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, São Paulo, Brasil., Viana MB; Departamento de Biociências, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, São Paulo, Brasil.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Reviews in the neurosciences [Rev Neurosci] 2023 Oct 11; Vol. 35 (2), pp. 197-211. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Oct 11 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI:	10.1515/revneuro-2023-0078
Abstrakt:	Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is a debilitating disorder, characterized by fear and anxiety in social situations. Evidence suggests that the levels of SAD are rising, in particularly after the COVID-19 pandemic. Serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors and cognitive-behavioral therapy are effective treatments for SAD. Nevertheless, a significant number of patients do not respond well to these therapeutic options. During the last years, Cannabis and cannabinoid-containing products have been investigated for the treatment of different neuropsychiatric disorders. Nevertheless, their efficacy for the treatment of anxiety disorders is still a matter of debate. The purpose of this review was to investigate subjective, behavioral, and neurobiological effects of Cannabis and cannabinoids in social anxiety and SAD. A search in the PubMed database for articles published between the years of 2003-2023 was conducted. One hundred and seventeen (117) original studies were identified. After the exclusion criteria, eighteen (18) studies were selected. The studies investigated the effects of the cannabinoids Δ 9 -tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) in patients or healthy volunteers submitted to tasks that assessed social anxiety. Results showed that CBD decreases social anxiety, producing an inverted U-shaped curve, with anxiety measurements being reduced at intermediate doses administered orally (300-600 mg), but not at lower or higher doses. THC either reduces (lower doses, 6-7.5 mg) or increases (higher doses) social anxiety measurements. CBD attenuates the anxiogenic effects of THC. The effects of THC and CBD in anxiety are associated to the modulation of fronto-limbic regions. Further clinical trials, conducted with male and female patients and larger cohorts are still necessary to consolidate these results. (© 2023 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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