Associations between recalled childhood gender nonconformity and adult sexual dysfunction in Denmark: baseline assessment in the Project SEXUS cohort study.

Autor:	Koops TU; Institute for Sex Research, Sexual Medicine, and Forensic Psychiatry, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany., Andresen JB; Project SEXUS Group, Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, DK-2300 Copenhagen, Denmark.; Center for Sexology Research, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, DK-9000 Aalborg, Denmark., Graugaard C; Center for Sexology Research, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, DK-9000 Aalborg, Denmark., Briken P; Institute for Sex Research, Sexual Medicine, and Forensic Psychiatry, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany., Bahnsen MK; Project SEXUS Group, Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, DK-2300 Copenhagen, Denmark., Andersson M; Project SEXUS Group, Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, DK-2300 Copenhagen, Denmark., Frisch M; Project SEXUS Group, Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, DK-2300 Copenhagen, Denmark.; Center for Sexology Research, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, DK-9000 Aalborg, Denmark.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	The journal of sexual medicine [J Sex Med] 2023 Nov 30; Vol. 20 (12), pp. 1451-1458.
DOI:	10.1093/jsxmed/qdad129
Abstrakt:	Background: Sexual dysfunctions may negatively affect an individual's self-perceived womanhood or manhood, but whether gender nonconformity in childhood or adolescence can influence adult sexual functioning has not been examined so far. Aim: To explore the possible link between recalled childhood gender nonconformity and sexual dysfunctions in adulthood in a large sample. Methods: We analyzed baseline questionnaire data from Project SEXUS, a nationally representative cohort study on sexual health among 15- to 89-year-old Danish citizens. Our sample included sexually active participants aged ≥18 years who were queried about gender nonconformity in childhood or adolescence (N = 21 390). To capture sexual dysfunctions, we assessed (1) difficulties with lubrication, orgasm, vaginal cramps precluding sexual intercourse, and/or genital pain during partnered sexual activity in women and (2) difficulties with erection, premature ejaculation, orgasm, and/or genital pain during partnered sexual activity in men. Furthermore, we assessed whether such difficulties were perceived as problematic. The 6-item Female Sexual Function Index and the 5-item International Index of Erectile Function served as standardized measures. Polytomous logistic regression analyses yielded demographically weighted adjusted odds ratios (aORs) with 95% CIs for associations between childhood gender nonconformity and sexual dysfunctions, controlling for age, sociodemographics, health-related factors, and other potential confounders. Outcomes: Sexual difficulties and dysfunctions, as well as scores on the Female Sexual Function Index and International Index of Erectile Function. Results: Age-adjusted odds ratios indicated that sexual dysfunctions were significantly more common among childhood gender-nonconforming than conforming participants. After controlling for additional potential confounders, most sexual dysfunctions-notably, vaginal cramps in women (aOR, 2.12; 95% CI, 1.25-3.60) and genital pain dysfunction in men (aOR, 2.99; 95% CI, 1.79-4.99)-remained significantly increased among childhood gender-nonconforming respondents. Clinical Implications: Findings suggest that self-perceived gender nonconformity in childhood or adolescence may negatively affect sexual functioning in adult life. If confirmed by future studies, they may warrant a clinical emphasis on such issues in sexologic treatment and care. Strengths and Limitations: Our study is the first to report associations between childhood gender nonconformity and adult sexual dysfunction, building on data from a large-scale, nationally representative cohort study. The retrospective assessment of childhood gender nonconformity via one item might have neglected significant dimensions of this construct. Conclusion: The present study is the first to show that individuals who recall being gender nonconforming in childhood or adolescence may be at a greater risk of experiencing sexual dysfunctions, particularly sexual pain disorders, as adults. (© Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The International Society of Sexual Medicine. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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