Neutralizing Antibody Levels as a Correlate of Protection Against SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Modeling Analysis.

Autor: Lingas G; Université Paris Cité, IAME, INSERM, Paris, France., Planas D; Virus and Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR3569, Paris, France.; Vaccine Research Institute, Créteil, France., Péré H; Virology Unit, Microbiology Department, APHP, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, Paris, France.; Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMRS1138 Functional Genomics of Solid Tumors Laboratory, Paris, France., Porrot F; Virus and Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR3569, Paris, France., Guivel-Benhassine F; Virus and Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR3569, Paris, France., Staropoli I; Virus and Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR3569, Paris, France., Duffy D; Translational Immunology Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France., Chapuis N; Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Centre-Université Paris Cité, Service d'hématologie biologique, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France., Gobeaux C; Department of Automated Biology, CHU de Cochin, AP-HP, Paris, France., Veyer D; Virology Unit, Microbiology Department, APHP, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, Paris, France.; Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMRS1138 Functional Genomics of Solid Tumors Laboratory, Paris, France., Delaugerre C; Virology Department, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France.; Université Paris Cité, Inserm U944, Biology of Emerging Viruses, Paris, France., Le Goff J; Virology Department, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France.; Université Paris Cité, Inserm U976, INSIGHT Team, Paris, France., Getten P; INSERM UMRS 970, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France., Hadjadj J; Department of Internal Medicine, National Reference Center for Rare Systemic Autoimmune Diseases, AP-HP, APHP.CUP, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France., Bellino A; URC-CIC Paris Centre Necker/Cochin, AP-HP, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France., Parfait B; Fédération des Centres de Ressources Biologiques - Plateformes de Ressources Biologiques AP-HP.Centre-Université Paris Cité, Centre de Ressources Biologiques Cochin, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France., Treluyer JM; Unité de Recherche clinique, Hôpital Cochin, AP-HP.Centre - Université de Paris, Paris, France., Schwartz O; Virus and Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR3569, Paris, France.; Vaccine Research Institute, Créteil, France., Guedj J; Université Paris Cité, IAME, INSERM, Paris, France., Kernéis S; Université Paris Cité, IAME, INSERM, Paris, France.; Equipe de Prévention du Risque Infectieux (EPRI), AP-HP, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France., Terrier B; Department of Internal Medicine, National Reference Center for Rare Systemic Autoimmune Diseases, AP-HP, APHP.CUP, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France.; Université Paris Cité, INSERM U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Paris, France.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics [Clin Pharmacol Ther] 2024 Jan; Vol. 115 (1), pp. 86-94. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Oct 20.
DOI: 10.1002/cpt.3069
Abstrakt: Although anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 antibody kinetics have been described in large populations of vaccinated individuals, we still poorly understand how they evolve during a natural infection and how this impacts viral clearance. For that purpose, we analyzed the kinetics of both viral load and neutralizing antibody levels in a prospective cohort of individuals during acute infection with alpha variant. Using a mathematical model, we show that the progressive increase in neutralizing antibodies leads to a shortening of the half-life of both infected cells and infectious viral particles. We estimated that the neutralizing activity reached 90% of its maximal level within 11 days after symptom onset and could reduce the half-life of both infected cells and circulating virus by a 6-fold factor, thus playing a key role to achieve rapid viral clearance. Using this model, we conducted a simulation study to predict in a more general context the protection conferred by pre-existing neutralization titers, due to either vaccination or prior infection. We predicted that a neutralizing activity, as measured by 50% effective dose > 10 3 , could reduce by 46% the risk of having viral load detectable by standard polymerase chain reaction assays and by 98% the risk of having viral load above the threshold of infectiousness. Our model shows that neutralizing activity could be used to define correlates of protection against infection and transmission.
(© 2023 The Authors. Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
Externí odkaz: