Coronavirus-19 disease risk and protective factors associated with HLA/KIR polymorphisms in Ecuadorian patients residing in Madrid.

Autor: Balas A; Histocompatibility Unit, Centro de Transfusion de la Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, Spain., Moreno-Hidalgo MÁ; Histocompatibility Unit, Centro de Transfusion de la Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, Spain., de la Calle-Prieto F; National Referral Unit for Imported Tropical Diseases and Travel Medicine, Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Universitario La Paz-Carlos III, IdiPAZ, CIBERINFEC, Madrid, Spain., Vicario JL; Histocompatibility Unit, Centro de Transfusion de la Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, Spain., Arsuaga M; National Referral Unit for Imported Tropical Diseases and Travel Medicine, Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Universitario La Paz-Carlos III, IdiPAZ, CIBERINFEC, Madrid, Spain., Trigo E; National Referral Unit for Imported Tropical Diseases and Travel Medicine, Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Universitario La Paz-Carlos III, IdiPAZ, CIBERINFEC, Madrid, Spain., de Miguel-Buckley R; National Referral Unit for Imported Tropical Diseases and Travel Medicine, Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Universitario La Paz-Carlos III, IdiPAZ, CIBERINFEC, Madrid, Spain., Bellón T; Institute for Health Research Hospital Universitario La Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: teresa.bellon@salud.madrid.org., Díaz-Menéndez M; National Referral Unit for Imported Tropical Diseases and Travel Medicine, Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Universitario La Paz-Carlos III, IdiPAZ, CIBERINFEC, Madrid, Spain.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Human immunology [Hum Immunol] 2023 Nov; Vol. 84 (11), pp. 571-577. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Sep 28.
DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2023.09.004
Abstrakt: Background: Immigrants represented 21.8% of cases in a Spanish cohort of hospitalised patients with COVID-19, a proportion exceeding the percentage of immigrants in that area's total population. Among the ethnic-related genetic risk factors for COVID-19, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genotypes in diverse populations might bias the response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and/or progression. Similarly, genetic differences in natural killer-activating and inhibitory receptors could play a role in the immune system's response to the viral infection.
Methods: We characterised HLA alleles and KIR genes in 52 Ecuadorian patients hospitalised for moderate and severe COVID-19 and 87 Ecuadorian controls from the general population living in the same area.
Results: There was a significantly increased frequency of the HLA-B*39 antigen and the activating KIR2DS4 receptor in the presence of its HLA-C*04 ligand in the COVID-19 group when compared with the control group. In contrast, there was a significant reduction in the frequency of carriers of KIR2DL1 and of the KIR3DL1/Bw4 receptor/ligand combination among COVID-19 group. On the other hand, HLA-A*24:02 and HLA-DRB1*09:01 alleles showed significantly lower frequencies specifically in the severe COVID-19 group.
Conclusion: HLA-B*39 alleles might be genetic risk factors for developing COVID-19 in Ecuadorian individuals. In the presence of its ligand C*04, the natural killer-activating receptor KIR2DS4 might also increase the risk of developing COVID-19, while, in the presence of HLA-Bw4 alleles, the inhibitory receptor KIR3DL1 might play a protective role. Patients with COVID-19 who carry HLA-A*24:02 and HLA-DRB1*09:01 alleles might be protected against more severe forms of COVID-19.
Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2023 American Society for Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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