Shared and unique antibody and B cell profiles in HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals with cryptococcal meningoencephalitis.

Autor:	Yoon H; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York 10461, USA., Nakouzi AS; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York 10461, USA., Duong VA; Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, 764 Vo Van Kiet, Ho Chi Minh City Q5, Vietnam., Hung LQ; Department of Tropical Diseases, Cho Ray Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam., Binh TQ; Department of Tropical Diseases, Cho Ray Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam., Tung NLN; Hospital for Tropical Diseases, 764 Vo Van Kiet, Ho Chi Minh City Q5, Vietnam., Day JN; Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, 764 Vo Van Kiet, Ho Chi Minh City Q5, Vietnam.; Department of Microbiology and Infection, Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, Exeter EX2 5DW, UK., Pirofski LA; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York 10461, USA.; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York 10461, USA.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Medical mycology [Med Mycol] 2023 Oct 05; Vol. 61 (10).
DOI:	10.1093/mmy/myad102
Abstrakt:	Host non-T cell markers to aid in the diagnosis of cryptococcal meningoencephalitis (CM) have not been identified. In this case-control study, we characterized antibody and B cell profiles in HIV-negative and HIV-positive Vietnamese individuals of the Kinh ethnicity recently diagnosed with CM and controls. The study included 60 HIV-negative with no known immunocompromising condition and 60 HIV-positive individuals, with 30 CM cases and 30 controls in each group. Participants were matched by age, sex, HIV serostatus, and CD4 count in the HIV-positive group. Plasma immunoglobulin (Ig) levels, including IgG1, IgG2, IgM, and IgA, Cryptococcus spp. glucuronoxylomannan (GXM)- and laminarin (branched ${\rm{\beta }}$-[1-3]-glucan)-binding IgG, IgM, IgA levels, and peripheral blood B cell subsets were measured. Logistic regression, principal component, and mediation analyses were conducted to assess associations between antibody, B cell levels, and CM. The results showed that GXM-IgG levels were higher and IgG1 and IgG2 were lower in CM cases than controls, regardless of HIV status. In HIV-negative individuals, IgG2 mediated an inverse association between CD19+CD27+CD43+CD5- (B-1b-like) cells and CM. In HIV-positive individuals, lower levels of IgA, laminarin-IgA, and CD19+CD27+IgM+IgD- (IgM+ memory B) cells were each associated with CM. The shared and distinct antibody and B cell profiles identified in HIV-negative and HIV-positive CM cases may inform the identification of non-T-cell markers of CM risk or unsuspected disease, particularly in HIV-negative individuals. (© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The International Society for Human and Animal Mycology.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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